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S1 Flashcards (MA) > LAB PRACTICAL #1 > Flashcards

LAB PRACTICAL #1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the planes of the body?

A

Sagittal
Coronal
Transverse

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2
Q

Medial

A

Towards the midline

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3
Q

Lateral

A

Away from the midline

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4
Q

Proximal

A

indicates the part of the body that is CLOSEST to the point of attachment

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5
Q

Distal

A

the point of the body that is farthest AWAY from a standard point of attachment

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6
Q

Histology

A

study of the microscopic anatomy of cells and tissues

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7
Q

Organ

A

A structure usually composed of several tissue types that form a functional unit

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8
Q

Tissue

A

A group of similar cells that perform a specific function

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9
Q

Cell

A

The smallest unit of life

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10
Q

Order of Complexity (simple-most)

A

Cell
Tissue
Organ

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11
Q

Nucleus

A

directs cell activity

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12
Q

endosplasmic reticulum

A

network of tubules and flattened sacs

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13
Q

Ribosomes

A

spherical body in cytoplasm
aids in protein synthesis

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14
Q

mitochondria

A

powerhouse of the cell
site of cellular respiration
produces atp

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15
Q

centrioles

A

involved in the organization of the mitotic spindle

completion of cytokenesis

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16
Q

What is the magnification of the eyepiece

A

10x

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17
Q

What is the magnification of the scanning lens?

A

4x (red)

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18
Q

What is the magnification of the low power lens?

A

10x (yellow)

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19
Q

What is the magnification of the high power lens?

A

40x (green or blue)

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20
Q

What is the magnification of the oil immersion lens?

A

100x (silver or white)

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21
Q

magnification

A

the ability to make small objects appear larger

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22
Q

Total magnification equation

A

Lens power x 10(ocular lens) = total magnification

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23
Q

field of vision

A

what you see when you look through the eyepiece

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24
Q

Field of vision principle

A

AS magnification INCREASES field of vision DECREASES

25
Q

Working Distance

A

Distance between the objective lens and the sample

26
Q

Working Distance principle

A

Working Distance DECREASES as magnification INCREASES

27
Q

Cell Cycle

A

the sequence of events from the time a cell first arises as a result of cell division until the time when that cell divides itself

28
Q

Interphase Parts

A

G1phase
S phase
G2 phase

29
Q

G1 phase

A

the cell grows, develops and functions as a particular type of cell

30
Q

S phase

A

DNA is replicatiated to produce two identical strands called chromatids

31
Q

G2 phase

A

cell continues to function but prepares for division

32
Q

What does chromatin consist of?

A

DNA and Proteins that form the chromosomes

33
Q

Mitotic Phase

A

Division of a single cell into two new cells

34
Q

Steps of Mitotic Phase

A

“PMAT”
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase

35
Q

Division of the nucleus

A

by Mitosis or “regular division”

36
Q

prophase

A

Chromosomes wind up
Nuclear envelope breaks down
Chromosomes consist of 2 identical chromatids (temporarily connected by a centromere)

37
Q

Metaphase

A

Chromosomes line up along the equator of the cell (middle)
Spindle Apparatus is fully formed

38
Q

Spindle Apparatus consists of

A

centioles
microtubules

39
Q

Anaphase

A

Sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles of the cell

40
Q

Telophase

A

Chromosomes unwind
Nuclear envelopes are reformed
End of mitosis

41
Q

Cytokinesis

A

Division of the cytoplasm
Division of the rest of the cell
(Cell splits into two daughter cells)
NOT PART OF MITOSIS

42
Q

End result of mitosis and cytokinesis..

A

2 identical cells
identical DNA
each daughter cell is identical to original cells

43
Q

aWhat effect does moving the diaphragm have on light?

A

increase/ decrease of light

44
Q

What is the longest stage of the cell cycle

A

interphase

45
Q

WHen do chromosomes appear as thickened masses?

A

during phrosphase

46
Q

What causes brownian movement to occur?

A

the solvent colliding with the solute

kinetic energy is transferred to the solute

47
Q

Solvent

A

disslover

48
Q

solute

A

what’s being dissolved

49
Q

what drives diffusion to occur

A

concentration gradient

50
Q

Filtrate

A

the substance that passes through the filter

51
Q

what forces drive filtration

A

hydrostatic pressure
gravity pull

52
Q

Why does water move out of the cell during osmosis?

A

low solute concentration

53
Q

Why does water move into the cell during osmosis?

A

High solute concentration

54
Q

types toncity terms

A

hyper-tonic
hypo-tonic
iso-tonic

55
Q

definition of toncity temrs

A

describes concentration of a solution relative to the concentration of a cell in the solution

56
Q

hypertonic

A

lower solute concentration than cell

water rushes into cell> bursts (lysis)

57
Q

hypotonic

A

higher solute concentration

water rushes out of cell>cell shrinks (cremate)

58
Q

isotonic

A

same solute concentration of cell

(already at equillibrium

S1 Flashcards (MA) (12 decks)

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