LAB Pharnyx Flashcards
What innervates all of the pharynx muscles except the stylopharyngeus?
The vagus nerve
What muscle of the pharynx does the Glossopharyngeal (IX) nerve supply?
The stylopharyngeus
Where does the hypoglossal nerve exit the cranium and what does it innervate?
Exits through the hypoglossal canal and innervates the tongues
What does the sympathetic trunk carry and where do those neurons terminate?
Carries preganglionic neurons that terminate in the superior cervical ganglion.
What is the pharyngeal plexus and where is it located?
Formed by branches of IX and X
Found on the back of the pharynx
What structures pass through the jugular foramen?
The accessory nerve
Glossopharyngeal
Vagus nerve
Inferior petrosal sinus
What fascia is the sympathetic trunk found?
The prevertebral fascia
What supplies sensory information to much of the pharynx?
Glossopharyngeal nerve
What CNs are involved in the gag reflex and what limbs?
Afferent limb - CN IX
Efferent limb - CN X
Where do all the pharyngeal constrictor muscles insert?
Into a midline median raphe
What is the lowest part of the inferior pharyngeal constrictor called?
The cricopharngeus
What muscle is continuous with the buccinator and what divides the two?
The superior pharyngeal constrictor
Connected to the pterygomandibular raphe
Where does the stylopharyngeus take origin and what does it pass through to insert in the pharyngeal wall?
Takes origin on the styloid process
Passes between the superior and middle pharyngeal constrictors
What are the three pharynxes from rostal to caudal?
Nasopharynx - top of the brain to the soft palate
Oropharynx - soft palate to larynx
Laryngopharynx - larynx to the beginning of the esophagus
What fossa is located in the laryngopharynx?
The piriform fossa
What nerve perforated the thyrohyoid membrane to innervate the laryngeal mucosa above the vocal cords?
The internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve
Sensory
What recess is found in the nasopharynx?
The pharyngeal recess with the pharyngeal tonsils
Where does the auditory tube open?
In the nasopharynx
What is formed by cartilage of the auditory tube and the salpingopharyngeal muscle?
The tubal elevation or torus tubarius
What is the fold of mucosa that overlies the cartilaginous part of the auditory tube and the salpingopharyngeus muscle?
The salpingopharyngeus fold
What muscle originates from the cartilaginous tissue of the auditory tube, extends to the soft palate, and serves to elevate the palate during swallowing?
The levator veli palantini muscle
What is the levator veli palatini innervated by?
The vagus nerve
Where does the tensor veli palantini take origin and what does it do?
Takes origin on the pterygoid fossa between the medial and lateral pterygoid plates
Serves to tense the soft palate and open the auditory tube
What is the tensor veli palantini innervated by?
The mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve (V3)
What arch extends from the soft palate and goes to the lateral wall of the pharynx?
The palatopharyngeal arch
What arch extends from the soft palate to the tongue?
The palatoglossal arch
What innervates the palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal muscles?
The vagus nerve
Where do the motor neurons of the Glossopharyngeal nerve have their origin?
The nucleus ambiguus
Where to the pre ganglionic neurons of the Glossopharyngeal nerve synapse?
The ganglia of the Glossopharyngeal nerve
The Glossopharyngeal nerve is associated with which pharyngeal arch?
The 3rd
What is the function of the vagus nerve?
Motor to the pharynx/larynx
Sensory (taste)
Sensory to the laryngeal region
What pharyngeal arches is the vagus nerve associated with?
The 4th and 6th
