Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Gross Anatomy Unit 4 > Lab List Wednesday 6/25/14 > Flashcards

Lab List Wednesday 6/25/14 Flashcards

0
Q

What is the neurocranium and what bones form it?

A
  • bony covering of the brain and cranial meninges, contains the proximal cranial nerves and vasculature
  • frontal
  • ethmoid
  • sphenoid
  • occipital
  • two temporal
  • two parietal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

What are the three branches of the trigeminal nerve?

A
  • opthalmic nerve (CN V1)
  • maxillary nerve (CN V2)
  • mandibular nerve (CN V3)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the viscerocranium and what does it consist of?

A
  • facial skeleton, consists of the bones surrounding the mouth, nose, orbits
  • mandible
  • ethmoid
  • vomer
  • paired bones:
    • maxilla
    • inferior nasal concha
    • zygomatic
    • palatine
    • nasal
    • lacrimal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Contents of the orbit:

A
  • eyeball
  • extraocular muscles
  • opthalmic vessels
  • CN II, III, IV, V, and V1
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the 3 facial foramena that function to transmit branches of the trigeminal nerves?

A
  • supraorbital foramen : opthalmic nerve (CN V1)
  • infraorbital foramen : maxillary nerve (CN V2)
  • mental foramen : mandibular nerve (CN Vf3)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Significance of petrous temporal and occipital condyles?

A
  • petrous temporal : houses organs of hearing and balance

- occipital condyles : articulate with the C1 vertebra (atlas)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What forms the anterior cranial fossa and what are its contents?

A
  • formed by frontal bone
  • contents:
    • crista galli - anchors falx cerebri
    • cribriform plate - transmits olfactory nerves from olfactory mucosa
      to the olfactory bulbs
    • orbital plate
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What forms the middle cranial fossa and what are its contents?

A
  • formed by sphenoid and tubercles
  • contains:
    • sella turcica - “hypophyseal fossa” houses the pituitary gland
    • optic canal - transmits CN II (optic nerve) and opthalmic artery
    • foramen spinosum - transmits middle meningeal artery and vein
    • foramen lacerum
    • foramen ovale - transmits CN V3 (mandibular nerve) to the
      infratemporal fossa
    • superior orbital fissure - transmits CN III (oculomotor), IV (Trochlear),
      V1 (opthalmic), and VI (abducent) nerves
    • foramen rotundum - transmits CN V2 (maxillary nerve) to
      pterygopalatine fossa
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What forms the posterior cranial fossa, what does it house, and what are its contents?

A
  • formed by occipital bone and temporal bones
  • houses cerebellum, pons, medulla
  • contains:
    • foramen magnum: transmits medulla, meninges, vertebral and spinal vessels, spinal root CN XI (spinal accessory nerve)
    • internal acoustic meatus: transmits cranial nerves VII (facial nerve) and CN VIII (vestibulocochlear nerve)
    • jugular foramen: transmits internal jugular vein, CN IX (glossopharyngeal nerve), CN X (vagus nerve), and CN XI (spinal accessory nerve)
    • hypoglossal canal - transmits CN XII (hypoglossal nerve)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the five layers of the scalp?

A 
Skin
Connective tissue
Aponeurosis
Loose areolar connective tissue
Pericranium
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

3 layers of cranial meninges superficial to deep?

A
  • Dura mater
  • arachnoid matter
  • pia matter
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Dura matter 2 layers:

A
  • periosteal layer = external

- meningeal layer = internal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What do dural infoldings do and what are they?

A
  • separate cranial cavities into compartments ant limit movement of the brain
  • four exits:
    • falx cerebri = largest, vertical, separate right and left hemispheres
    • tentorium cerebelli = tent like appearance, separates occipital lobes
      and cerebellum
    • falx cerebelli = small, under tentorium cerebelli, partially separates
      cerebellar hemispheres
    • diaphragma sellae = smallest infolding, covers pituitary gland
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What supplies blood to the dura? Which cranial foramen does it come out of? What innervates the dura?

A
  • middle meningeal artery
  • foramen spinosum
  • cranial nerve V (referred pain)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Where is the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) held?

A

subarachnoid space with blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What layer of the meninges contacts the brain and is highly vasculated?

A

Pia matter

16
Q

List the cranial nerves, their names, and what type of fibers they contain:

A 
CN I: olfactory, sensory
CN II: optic, sensory
CN III: oculomotor, motor
CN IV: trochlear, motor
CN V: trigeminal, both
CN VI: abducent, motor
CN VII: facial, both
CN VIII: vestibulocochlear, sensory
CN IX: glossopharyngeal, both
CN X: vagus, both
CN XI: spinal accessory, motor
CN XII: hypoglossal, motor
17
Q

Cranial nerve I

A
  • olfactory nerve
  • sensory fibers
  • function: smell
  • cranial exit: foramina in cribriform plate of ethmoid bone
18
Q

Cranial nerve II

A
  • optic nerve
  • sensory fibers
  • function: sensory vision from retina
  • cranial exit: optic canal
19
Q

Cranial nerve III

A
  • oculomotor nerve
  • motor fibers
  • fuction: - motor to inferior, superior, medial rectus, inferior oblique, levator palpebrae superioris muscles
    - Parasympathetic to sphincter pupillae and ciliary muscles,
    constrict pupils and accomodates lenses of the eyes
  • cranial exit: superior orbital fissure
20
Q

Cranial Nerve IV

A
  • trochlear nerve
  • motor fibers
  • function: motor to superior oblique to assist in turning eye infrolaterally (or inferior when adducted)
  • cranial exit: superior orbital fissure
21
Q

Cranial nerve V

A
  • trigeminal nerve
    • V1: opthalmic, sensory, superior orbital fissure, supraorbital foramen
  • Function: cornea, skin of forehead, scalp, eyelids, nose, mucosa of nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses
    • V2: maxillary, sensory, foramen rotundum, infraorbital foramen
  • Function: skin of face over maxilla, maxillary teeth, mucosa of nose, maxillary sinuses, palate
    • V3: mandibular, motor, foramen ovale, mental foramen
  • Function: muscles of mastication, myohyoid, anterior belly of digastric, tensor veli palatini, tensor tympani
22
Q

Cranial nerve VI

A
  • abducent nerve
  • motor fibers
  • function: lateral rectus muscle to turn eye laterally
  • superior orbital fissure
23
Q

Cranial nerve VII

A
  • facial nerve
  • motor fibers
  • function: motor: parasympathetic to submandibular, sublingual salivary glands, lacrimal gland, glands to nose and palate
    • motor: muscles of facial expression and scalp
    • sensory: skin of external acoustic meatus, taste
  • internal acoustic meatus, facial canal, submastoid foramen
24
Q

Cranial nerve VIII

A
  • vestibulocochlear nerve
  • sensory fibers
  • function: hearing and balance
  • cranial exit: internal acoustic meatus
25
Q

Cranial nerve IX

A
  • glossopharyngeal nerve
  • both fibers
  • function: sensory and motor to structures of tongue and pharynx, taste
  • jugular foramen
26
Q

Cranial nerve X

A
  • vagus nerve
  • motor parasympathetic fibers to: trachea, bronchi, digestive tract, heart, motor constrictive for pharynx, larynx, palate muscles, esophagus
  • sensory fibers to auricle, external acoustic meatus, dura of posterior cranial fossa, tongue, larynx, pharynx, trachea, bronchi, heart, esophagus, stomach, intestine, epiglottis, palate
  • jugular foramen
27
Q

Cranial nerve XI

A
  • spinal accessory nerve
  • motor fibers
  • function: sternocleidomastoid and trapezius
  • jugular foramen
28
Q

Cranial Nerve XII

A
  • hypoglossal nerve
  • motor fibers
  • function: intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue
  • hypoglossal canal
29
Q

What structures exit the cranium out of the jugular foramen?

A
  • CN XI (spinal accessory nerve),
  • CN X (vagus nerve)
  • CN IX (glossopharyngeal nerve)
30
Q

What structures exit the cranium from the internal acoustic meatus?

A
  • Cranial nerve VIII (vestibulocochlear nerve)

- cranial nerve VII (facial nerve)

31
Q

What structures exit the cranium out of the superior orbital fissure?

A
  • cranial nerve III (oculomotor)
  • cranial nerve IV (trochlear)
  • cranial nerve V1 (opthalmic branch of trigeminal nerve)
  • cranial nerve VI (abducent)
32
Q

What structures do cranial nerve V2 and V3 EXIT THE CRANIUM from?Where do they exit the skull?

A
  • V2 exits cranium through foramen rotundum, exits skull through infraorbital foramen
    V3 exits cranium through foramen ovale, exits skull through mental foramen

Gross Anatomy Unit 4 (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions