Lab List Wednesday 6/18/14

Question 0

Popliteus insertion

Answer 0

• posterior surface of tibia (superior to soleal line)

Question 1

Popliteus origins (2)

Answer 1

• lateral surface of lateral condyle of femur

- lateral meniscus

Question 2

Popliteus innervation

Answer 2

Tibial nerve (L4, L5, S1)

Question 3

Popliteus main actions (2)

Answer 3

• weakly flexes knee

- unlocks knee by laterally rotating femur on fixed tibia

Question 4

Semimembranosus, semitendinosus, and long head of biceps femoris origin

Answer 4

ischial tuberosity

Question 5

Short head of biceps femoris origins (2)

Answer 5

• linea aspera

- lateral supracondylar line of femur

Question 6

Semitendinosus Insertion

Answer 6

medial surface of superior part of tibia

Question 7

Semimembranosus Insertion

Answer 7

posterior part of medial condyle of tibia

Question 8

Semimembranosus, semitendinosus, and long head of biceps femoris innervation

Answer 8

Tibial division of sciatic nerve (L5, S1, S2)

Question 9

Innervation for short head of biceps femoris

Answer 9

common fibular division of sciatic nerve (L5, S1, S2)

Question 10

The segmental innervation for all of the posterior thigh muscles (hamstrings, biceps short, and biceps long head) is

Answer 10

(L5, S1, S2)

Question 11

Biceps femoris insertion (both heads)

Answer 11

lateral side of head of fibula

Question 12

Semimembranosus and semitendinosus main actions (4)

Answer 12

• extend hip joint
• flex knee joint
• rotate leg medially while leg is flexed
• can extend trunk when hip and knee are flexed

Question 13

Biceps Femoris main actions (both heads) (3)

Answer 13

• flexes knee joint
• rotates knee joint laterally when knee is flexed
• extends hip joint

Question 14

What type of joint is the knee joint?

Answer 14

Modified hinge type of synovial joint

Question 15

The knee joint consists of what three articulations?

Answer 15

• two femorotibial (lateral and medial) articulations

- one intermediate femoropatellar articulation

Question 16

The stability of the knee depends on:

Answer 16

• strength and actions of surrounding muscles and their tendons
• ligaments connecting the femur and tibia

Question 17

The most important muscle for knee stabilization is 1, particularly the inferior fibers of 2 and 3.

Answer 17

1) quadriceps femoris
2) vastus medialis
3) vastus lateralis

Question 18

What structures limit flexion of the knee joint?

Answer 18

• soft tissue apposition posteriorly
• tension of the three vastus muscles
• tension of rectus femoris

Question 19

What structures limit extension of the knee joint?

Answer 19

• anterior cruciate ligament
• posterior cruciate ligament
• fibular and tibial collateral ligaments
• posterior joint capsule
• oblique popliteal ligament

Question 20

What structures limit internal rotation of the knee joint?

Answer 20

• anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments

Question 21

What structures limit external rotation of the knee joint?

Answer 21

• fibular and tibial collateral ligaments

Question 22

The 1 attach to the synovial membrane of the joint capsule of the knee and act to _2_during extension of the knee

Answer 22

1) articularis genu muscles

2) retract the suprapatellar bursa

Question 23

The ___ is part of the knee joint capsule extending superiorly to the patella deep to the vastus intermedius

Answer 23

suprapatellar bursa

Question 24

The joint capsule of the knee is made up of a 1 and a 2. The joint capsule is strengthened by capsular (intrinsic) and extracapsular ligaments. The capsular ligaments include (3 - 6) and the extracapsular ligament is the 7.

Answer 24

1) fibrous layer (external)
2) synovial membrane (internal)
3) patellar
4) oblique popliteal
5) arcuate popliteal
6) tibial collateral
7) fibular collateral

Question 25

Collateral ligaments are taut when the knee is 1 and permit 2.

Answer 25

1) fully extended

2) rotation of the knee

Question 26

The oblique popliteal ligament strengthens the joint capsule 1 and the arcuate ligament spreads over the 2 of the knee joint, forming an arch to meet the oblique popliteal ligament 3.

Answer 26

1) posteriorly
2) posterior surface
3) medially

Question 27

The crossing of the cruciate ligaments in the joint capsule permit about 1 of medial rotation and unwind during lateral rotation to allow about 2 of lateral rotation while the knee is bent at 90 degrees

Answer 27

1) 10 degrees

2) 60 degrees

Question 28

The anterior cruciate ligament is the 1 of the two cruciate ligaments and limits 2 on the tibial plateau during flexion. It also prevents 3 of the femur on the tibia and 4 of the knee joint

Answer 28

1) weaker
2) posterior rolling of the femoral condyles
3) posterior displacement
4) hyperextension

Question 29

The posterior cruciate ligament limits 1 during extension. It prevents anterior displacement of femur on the tibia or posterior displacement of tibia on femur; and it prevents 2 of the knee joint

Answer 29

1) femoral anterior rolling on tibia

2) hyperflexion

Question 30

The menisci of the knee joint act to 1 and 2.

Answer 30

1) deepen the articular surface

2) act as shock absorbers

Question 31

The 1 joins the anterior edges of the menisci to allow them to 2 during knee movements

Answer 31

1) transverse ligament

2) move together

Question 32

1 of the knee occurs to allow for better weight bearing. The 2 unlocks the knee

Answer 32

1) Locking

2) popliteus

Question 33

The four bursae of the knee are:

Answer 33

• suprapatellar
• popliteus
• anserine
• gastrocnemius

Question 34

1 arteries from the femoral, popliteal, anterior and posterior recurrent branches of the 2 and 3 supply the knee

Answer 34

1) Genicular
2) anterior tibial artery
3) circumflex arteries

Question 35

Nerves of the knee joint come from the:

Answer 35

• femoral
• tibial
• common fibular
• obturator, and
• saphenous nerves

Question 36

The tibia and the fibula are connected by the tibiofibular joint superiorly and the tibiofibular syndesmosis inferiorly. 1) The tibiofibular joint is what type of joint? 2) What type of joint is the tibiofibular syndesmosis? 3) Why are these connections important?

Answer 36

1) plain type of synovial joint
2) compound fibrous joint
3) they keep the lateral malleolus and talus of the foot firmly together to stabilize the ankle joint