Lab LIst Tuesday 6/17/14 Flashcards
Pectineus insertion
pectineal line of femur
Pectineus Origin
Superior ramus of pubis
Pectineus main actions (3)
- adducts hip joint
- flexes hip joint
- assists with medial rotation of hip joint
Segmental innervation of pectineus, gracilis, sartorius, and iliacus
L2, L3
Segmental innervation psoas major
L1, L2, L3
segmental innervation adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor part of adductor magnus, rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and vastus intermedius
L2, L3, L4
Psoas major innervation
anterior rami of lumbar nerves
Innervation of pectineus, sartorius, iliacus, rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and vastus intermedius
Femoral Nerve
Sartorius origin
anterior superior iliac spine
Sartorius insertion
superior part of medial surface of tibia
sartorius main actions (4)
- flexes hip joint
- abducts hip joint
- laterally rotates hip joint (FALF)
- flexes knee joint
Psoas Major origins (2)
- sides of T12-L5 vertebrae and discs between them
- Transverse processes of all lumbar vertebra
Psoas major insertion
lesser trochanter of femur
Psoas major and iliacus main actions (3)
- together, flex hip joint
- together, stabilize hip joint
- Psoas major is also postural muscle that helps control deviation of
the trunk and is active during standing
Iliacus origins (4)
- iliac crest
- iliac fossa
- ala of sacrum
- anterior sacro-iliac ligaments
Iliacus insertions (2)
- lesser trochanter of the femur
- tendon of psoas major
Rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and vastus intermedius all have the main action of
Extending the knee joint
Insertion for rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and vastus intermedius (2)
- Base of patella (via quadriceps tendon)
- tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
Vastus lateralis origins (2)
- greater trochanter
- lateral lip of linea aspera
rectus femoris origins (2)
- anterior inferior iliac spine
- ilium superior to acetabulum
Vastus medialis origins (2)
- intertrochanteric line
- medial lip of linea aspera
Vastus intermedius origin
anterior and lateral surfaces of shaft of femur
Adductor Longus origin
body of pubis inferior to pubic crest
Adductor longus insertion
middle third of linea aspera of femur
Segmental innervation of adductor longus, adductor brevis, and adductor part of adductor magnus
L2, L3, L4
Innervation of hamstring part of adductor magnus
tibial part of sciatic nerve (L4)
Innervation of adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor magnus, gracilis, and obturator externus
obturator nerve
adductor longus main action
adduct hip joint
Gracilis and adductor brevis both originate at
body and inferior ramus of the pubis
adductor brevis insertions (2)
- pectineal line
- proximal part of linea aspera of femur
adductor brevis main actions (2)
- adducts the hip joint
- flexes the hip joint to some extent
Obturator externus origins (2)
- margins of obturator foramen
- obturator membrane
Obturator externus insertion
trochanteric fossa of femur
obturator externus main actions (2)
- laterally rotates hip joint
- pulls head of femur into acetabulum holding pelvis steady
Gracilis insertion
superior part of medial surface of tibia
Gracilis main actions (3)
- adducts hip joint
- flexes knee joint
- helps rotate knee joint medially
Adductor magnus origins (3)
adductor part: - inferior ramus of pubis
- ramus of ischium
hamstring part - ischial tuberosity
adductor magnus insertions (4)
adductor part: - gluteal tuberosity
- linea aspera
- medial supracondylar line
hamstring part: - adductor tubercle of femur
adductor magnus main actions (3)
- both adduct the hip joint
- adductor part flexes hip joint
- hamstring part extends hip joint
The deep fascia of the lower limb limits 1 of contracting muscles, making muscular contraction more efficient in 2. The deep fascia of the thigh is called 3, which thickens laterally to form the 4.
1) outward extension
2) compressing the veins to push blood back toward the heart
3) fascia lata
4) iliotibial tract
The 1 is the same as the anterolateral tibial tubercle
Gerdy Tubercle
Thigh muscles are divided into 3 fascial compartments; 1, 2, and 3 by 4 and the 5
1) anterior
2) medial
3) posterior
4) intramuscular septums
5) iliotibial tract
The 1 and some lymphatics pass through the saphenous opening to enter the 2 and the 3, respectively
1) great saphenous vein
2) femoral vein
3) deep inguinal lymph nodes
The muscles of the leg are divided into 3 compartments; 1, which act to 2, 3, which are 4, and 5, which act to 6.
1) anterior
2) dorsiflex
3) lateral
4) fibular
5) posterior
6) plantarflex
Deep veins of the lower limb are_1_ and 2
1) deep to the deep fascia
2) accompany the major arteries
The two main superficial veins of the lower limb are:
- small saphenous vein
- great saphenous vein
The great saphenous vein is formed by union of the 1 and the 2 of the foot. It runs 3 up the leg to the 4 to empty into the 5.
1) dorsal digital vein of the great toe
2) dorsal venous arch
3) medially
4) saphenous opening
5) femoral vein
The small saphenous vein is formed by the union of the 1 and the 2. It begins 3 and travels to the middle of the leg to the 4 to empty into the 5, which then becomes the 6 in the thigh
1) dorsal digital vein of the 5th digit
2) dorsal venous arch.
3) laterally
4) popliteal fossa
5) popliteal vein
6) femoral vein
The 1 describes the system in which muscular contractions enable blood flow from 2 to 3 and also enables muscular contraction to to propel blood toward the heart 4.
1) musculovenous pump
2) superficial
3) deep veins
4) against the pull of gravity
The femoral vein passes deep to the 1 to become the 2 in the pelvis
1) inguinal ligament
2) external iliac vein
Superficial lymphatic vessels accompany 1 in the lower limb. Those accompanying the great saphenous vein end in 2 and pass to 3. Those accompanying small saphenous vein enter 4.
1) saphenous veins
2) superficial inguinal lymph nodes
3) mostly external iliac lymph nodes and some to deep inguinal lymph nodes
4) popliteal lymph nodes in the popliteal fossa
Deep lymphatic vessels accompany deep veins to enter 1, then to 2, then empty into the 3
1) popliteal lymph nodes
2) deep inguinal lymph nodes
3) external iliac lymph nodes
What is a dermatome?
the area of skin supplied by cutaneous branches from a single spinal nerve
The anterior compartment of thigh muscles are 1 of the knee and are innervated by the 2, the medial compartment muscles are 3 of the thigh and are innervated by the 4, and the posterior muscles are 5 of the knee and are innervated by the 6
1) extensors
2) femoral nerve
3) adductors
4) obturator nerve
5) flexors
6) tibial portion of the sciatic nerve
The anterior thigh muscles include:
- pectineus
- iliopsoas
- sartorius
- quadriceps femoris
Quadriceps femoris includes the following muscles:
- rectus femoris
- vastus lateralis
- vastus medialis
- vastus intermedius
The vastus intermedius has a derivative, 1, which work to 2 when the knee is extended
1) articularis genu
2) pull on the suprapatellar bursa
The medial thigh muscles include:
- Adductor longus
- adductor brevis
- adductor magnus
- gracilis
- obturator externus
The ___ muscle is the only adductor muscle to cross and act at the knee joint and the hip joint
Gracilis
The ___ transmits the femoral artery and vein from the anterior compartment of the thigh to the popliteal fossa
adductor hiatus
The boundaries of the femoral triangle are the 1 superiorly, the 2 medially, and the 3 laterally. The floor of the triangle is made up of the 4 laterally and the 5 medially
1) inguinal ligament
2) adductor longus
3) sartorius
4) iliopsoas
5) pectineus
The roof of the femoral triangle is made up of:
- cribriform fascia
- subcutaneous tissue
- skin
The contents of the femoral triangle from lateral to medial are:
- femoral nerve and tributaries
- femoral artery and tributaries
- femoral vein and tributaries (great saphenous and profunda femoris)
- femoral canal
- deep inguinal lymph nodes and associated lymphatic vessels
The ___ is located within the femoral triangle in the femoral sheath
saphenous opening
The 1 extends from the apex of the femoral triangle to the adductor hiatus and runs posteriorly to the 2, which is its roof. It provides an intramuscular passage for the 3, 4, 5, 6, and delivers vessels to the popliteal fossa where they come popliteal vessels
1) adductor canal
2) sartorius
3) femoral artery
4) femoral vein
5) saphenous nerve
6) nerve to vastus medialis
The 1 is the largest branch of the lumbar plexus. Its terminal branch is the 2, which runs antero-inferiorly to supply 3.
1) femoral nerve
2) saphenous nerve
3) skin and fascia of the anteromedial aspects of the knee, leg, and foot
The 1 encloses the femoral vein and artery but not the 2. It allows these vessels to glide deep to the 3 during movements of the hip joint
1) femoral sheath
2) femoral nerve
3) inguinal ligament
The femoral sheath has three compartments: the lateral compartment for the 1, the intermediate compartment for the 2, and the medial compartment for the 3.
1) femoral artery
2) femoral vein
3) femoral canal (smallest compartment)
The femoral sheath extends from the 1 to the 2 and allows for expansion of the 3.
1) saphenous opening
2) femoral ring
3) femoral vein
The ___ is the chief artery of the lower limb and is a continuation of the external iliac artery
femoral artery
The 1 is the largest branch of the femoral artery and is the chief artery of the thigh. It arises in the 2. It gives off 3 which wrap posteriorly to supply the adductor magnus, the hamstrings, and vastus lateralis
1) profunda femoris artery
2) femoral triangle
3) perforating branches
1 usually arise from profunda femoris artery but can arise from the femoral artery. The 2 supplies most of the blood to the head and the neck of the femur and hip joint via 3 and the 4 supplies muscles on the lateral side of the thigh
1) circumflex femoral arteries
2) medial circumflex femoral artery
3) retinacular branches
4) lateral circumflex femoral artery
The 1 usually arises from the internal iliac artery. It supplies obturator externus, pectineus, adductors of the thigh, and gracilis. Its posterior branch gives off an 2 that supplies the head of the femur
1) obturator artery
2) acetabular branch
The obturator nerve’s posterior division supplies 1 and its anterior division supplies 2
1) obturator externus and adductor magnus
2) adductor longus, adductor brevis, gracilis, and pectineus
