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Gross Anatomy Unit 4 > Lab LIst Tuesday 6/17/14 > Flashcards

Lab LIst Tuesday 6/17/14 Flashcards

0
Q

Pectineus insertion

A

pectineal line of femur

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1
Q

Pectineus Origin

A

Superior ramus of pubis

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2
Q

Pectineus main actions (3)

A
  • adducts hip joint
  • flexes hip joint
  • assists with medial rotation of hip joint
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3
Q

Segmental innervation of pectineus, gracilis, sartorius, and iliacus

A

L2, L3

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4
Q

Segmental innervation psoas major

A

L1, L2, L3

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5
Q

segmental innervation adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor part of adductor magnus, rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and vastus intermedius

A

L2, L3, L4

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6
Q

Psoas major innervation

A

anterior rami of lumbar nerves

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7
Q

Innervation of pectineus, sartorius, iliacus, rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and vastus intermedius

A

Femoral Nerve

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8
Q

Sartorius origin

A

anterior superior iliac spine

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9
Q

Sartorius insertion

A

superior part of medial surface of tibia

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10
Q

sartorius main actions (4)

A
  • flexes hip joint
  • abducts hip joint
  • laterally rotates hip joint (FALF)
  • flexes knee joint
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11
Q

Psoas Major origins (2)

A
  • sides of T12-L5 vertebrae and discs between them

- Transverse processes of all lumbar vertebra

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12
Q

Psoas major insertion

A

lesser trochanter of femur

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13
Q

Psoas major and iliacus main actions (3)

A
  • together, flex hip joint
  • together, stabilize hip joint
  • Psoas major is also postural muscle that helps control deviation of
    the trunk and is active during standing
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14
Q

Iliacus origins (4)

A
  • iliac crest
  • iliac fossa
  • ala of sacrum
  • anterior sacro-iliac ligaments
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15
Q

Iliacus insertions (2)

A
  • lesser trochanter of the femur

- tendon of psoas major

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16
Q

Rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and vastus intermedius all have the main action of

A

Extending the knee joint

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17
Q

Insertion for rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and vastus intermedius (2)

A
  • Base of patella (via quadriceps tendon)

- tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

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18
Q

Vastus lateralis origins (2)

A
  • greater trochanter

- lateral lip of linea aspera

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19
Q

rectus femoris origins (2)

A
  • anterior inferior iliac spine

- ilium superior to acetabulum

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20
Q

Vastus medialis origins (2)

A
  • intertrochanteric line

- medial lip of linea aspera

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21
Q

Vastus intermedius origin

A

anterior and lateral surfaces of shaft of femur

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22
Q

Adductor Longus origin

A

body of pubis inferior to pubic crest

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23
Q

Adductor longus insertion

A

middle third of linea aspera of femur

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24
Q

Segmental innervation of adductor longus, adductor brevis, and adductor part of adductor magnus

A

L2, L3, L4

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25
Q

Innervation of hamstring part of adductor magnus

A

tibial part of sciatic nerve (L4)

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26
Q

Innervation of adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor magnus, gracilis, and obturator externus

A

obturator nerve

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27
Q

adductor longus main action

A

adduct hip joint

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28
Q

Gracilis and adductor brevis both originate at

A

body and inferior ramus of the pubis

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29
Q

adductor brevis insertions (2)

A
  • pectineal line

- proximal part of linea aspera of femur

30
Q

adductor brevis main actions (2)

A
  • adducts the hip joint

- flexes the hip joint to some extent

31
Q

Obturator externus origins (2)

A
  • margins of obturator foramen

- obturator membrane

32
Q

Obturator externus insertion

A

trochanteric fossa of femur

33
Q

obturator externus main actions (2)

A
  • laterally rotates hip joint

- pulls head of femur into acetabulum holding pelvis steady

34
Q

Gracilis insertion

A

superior part of medial surface of tibia

35
Q

Gracilis main actions (3)

A
  • adducts hip joint
  • flexes knee joint
  • helps rotate knee joint medially
36
Q

Adductor magnus origins (3)

A

adductor part: - inferior ramus of pubis
- ramus of ischium

hamstring part - ischial tuberosity

37
Q

adductor magnus insertions (4)

A

adductor part: - gluteal tuberosity

                    - linea aspera
                    - medial supracondylar line

hamstring part: - adductor tubercle of femur

38
Q

adductor magnus main actions (3)

A
  • both adduct the hip joint
  • adductor part flexes hip joint
  • hamstring part extends hip joint
39
Q

The deep fascia of the lower limb limits 1 of contracting muscles, making muscular contraction more efficient in 2. The deep fascia of the thigh is called 3, which thickens laterally to form the 4.

A

1) outward extension
2) compressing the veins to push blood back toward the heart
3) fascia lata
4) iliotibial tract

40
Q

The 1 is the same as the anterolateral tibial tubercle

A

Gerdy Tubercle

41
Q

Thigh muscles are divided into 3 fascial compartments; 1, 2, and 3 by 4 and the 5

A

1) anterior
2) medial
3) posterior
4) intramuscular septums
5) iliotibial tract

42
Q

The 1 and some lymphatics pass through the saphenous opening to enter the 2 and the 3, respectively

A

1) great saphenous vein
2) femoral vein
3) deep inguinal lymph nodes

43
Q

The muscles of the leg are divided into 3 compartments; 1, which act to 2, 3, which are 4, and 5, which act to 6.

A

1) anterior
2) dorsiflex
3) lateral
4) fibular
5) posterior
6) plantarflex

44
Q

Deep veins of the lower limb are_1_ and 2

A

1) deep to the deep fascia

2) accompany the major arteries

45
Q

The two main superficial veins of the lower limb are:

A
  • small saphenous vein

- great saphenous vein

46
Q

The great saphenous vein is formed by union of the 1 and the 2 of the foot. It runs 3 up the leg to the 4 to empty into the 5.

A

1) dorsal digital vein of the great toe
2) dorsal venous arch
3) medially
4) saphenous opening
5) femoral vein

47
Q

The small saphenous vein is formed by the union of the 1 and the 2. It begins 3 and travels to the middle of the leg to the 4 to empty into the 5, which then becomes the 6 in the thigh

A

1) dorsal digital vein of the 5th digit
2) dorsal venous arch.
3) laterally
4) popliteal fossa
5) popliteal vein
6) femoral vein

48
Q

The 1 describes the system in which muscular contractions enable blood flow from 2 to 3 and also enables muscular contraction to to propel blood toward the heart 4.

A

1) musculovenous pump
2) superficial
3) deep veins
4) against the pull of gravity

49
Q

The femoral vein passes deep to the 1 to become the 2 in the pelvis

A

1) inguinal ligament

2) external iliac vein

50
Q

Superficial lymphatic vessels accompany 1 in the lower limb. Those accompanying the great saphenous vein end in 2 and pass to 3. Those accompanying small saphenous vein enter 4.

A

1) saphenous veins
2) superficial inguinal lymph nodes
3) mostly external iliac lymph nodes and some to deep inguinal lymph nodes
4) popliteal lymph nodes in the popliteal fossa

51
Q

Deep lymphatic vessels accompany deep veins to enter 1, then to 2, then empty into the 3

A

1) popliteal lymph nodes
2) deep inguinal lymph nodes
3) external iliac lymph nodes

52
Q

What is a dermatome?

A

the area of skin supplied by cutaneous branches from a single spinal nerve

53
Q

The anterior compartment of thigh muscles are 1 of the knee and are innervated by the 2, the medial compartment muscles are 3 of the thigh and are innervated by the 4, and the posterior muscles are 5 of the knee and are innervated by the 6

A

1) extensors
2) femoral nerve
3) adductors
4) obturator nerve
5) flexors
6) tibial portion of the sciatic nerve

54
Q

The anterior thigh muscles include:

A
  • pectineus
  • iliopsoas
  • sartorius
  • quadriceps femoris
55
Q

Quadriceps femoris includes the following muscles:

A
  • rectus femoris
  • vastus lateralis
  • vastus medialis
  • vastus intermedius
56
Q

The vastus intermedius has a derivative, 1, which work to 2 when the knee is extended

A

1) articularis genu

2) pull on the suprapatellar bursa

57
Q

The medial thigh muscles include:

A
  • Adductor longus
  • adductor brevis
  • adductor magnus
  • gracilis
  • obturator externus
58
Q

The ___ muscle is the only adductor muscle to cross and act at the knee joint and the hip joint

A

Gracilis

59
Q

The ___ transmits the femoral artery and vein from the anterior compartment of the thigh to the popliteal fossa

A

adductor hiatus

60
Q

The boundaries of the femoral triangle are the 1 superiorly, the 2 medially, and the 3 laterally. The floor of the triangle is made up of the 4 laterally and the 5 medially

A

1) inguinal ligament
2) adductor longus
3) sartorius
4) iliopsoas
5) pectineus

61
Q

The roof of the femoral triangle is made up of:

A
  • cribriform fascia
  • subcutaneous tissue
  • skin
62
Q

The contents of the femoral triangle from lateral to medial are:

A
  • femoral nerve and tributaries
  • femoral artery and tributaries
  • femoral vein and tributaries (great saphenous and profunda femoris)
  • femoral canal
  • deep inguinal lymph nodes and associated lymphatic vessels
63
Q

The ___ is located within the femoral triangle in the femoral sheath

A

saphenous opening

64
Q

The 1 extends from the apex of the femoral triangle to the adductor hiatus and runs posteriorly to the 2, which is its roof. It provides an intramuscular passage for the 3, 4, 5, 6, and delivers vessels to the popliteal fossa where they come popliteal vessels

A

1) adductor canal
2) sartorius
3) femoral artery
4) femoral vein
5) saphenous nerve
6) nerve to vastus medialis

65
Q

The 1 is the largest branch of the lumbar plexus. Its terminal branch is the 2, which runs antero-inferiorly to supply 3.

A

1) femoral nerve
2) saphenous nerve
3) skin and fascia of the anteromedial aspects of the knee, leg, and foot

66
Q

The 1 encloses the femoral vein and artery but not the 2. It allows these vessels to glide deep to the 3 during movements of the hip joint

A

1) femoral sheath
2) femoral nerve
3) inguinal ligament

67
Q

The femoral sheath has three compartments: the lateral compartment for the 1, the intermediate compartment for the 2, and the medial compartment for the 3.

A

1) femoral artery
2) femoral vein
3) femoral canal (smallest compartment)

68
Q

The femoral sheath extends from the 1 to the 2 and allows for expansion of the 3.

A

1) saphenous opening
2) femoral ring
3) femoral vein

69
Q

The ___ is the chief artery of the lower limb and is a continuation of the external iliac artery

A

femoral artery

70
Q

The 1 is the largest branch of the femoral artery and is the chief artery of the thigh. It arises in the 2. It gives off 3 which wrap posteriorly to supply the adductor magnus, the hamstrings, and vastus lateralis

A

1) profunda femoris artery
2) femoral triangle
3) perforating branches

71
Q

1 usually arise from profunda femoris artery but can arise from the femoral artery. The 2 supplies most of the blood to the head and the neck of the femur and hip joint via 3 and the 4 supplies muscles on the lateral side of the thigh

A

1) circumflex femoral arteries
2) medial circumflex femoral artery
3) retinacular branches
4) lateral circumflex femoral artery

72
Q

The 1 usually arises from the internal iliac artery. It supplies obturator externus, pectineus, adductors of the thigh, and gracilis. Its posterior branch gives off an 2 that supplies the head of the femur

A

1) obturator artery

2) acetabular branch

73
Q

The obturator nerve’s posterior division supplies 1 and its anterior division supplies 2

A

1) obturator externus and adductor magnus

2) adductor longus, adductor brevis, gracilis, and pectineus

Gross Anatomy Unit 4 (10 decks)

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