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MICR 262 > Lab Exam 1 > Flashcards

Lab Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Identify the organism, morphology, and arrangement. What stain was used?

A

Micrococcus luteus
Tetracoccus
Negative stain

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2
Q

Identify the organism. What’s the morphology? What stain was used?

A

Rhodospirillum rubrum
Spirillum
Negative stain

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3
Q

Identify the organism. What is the morphology? What stain was used?

A

Citrobacter freundii
Bacillus
Gram stain (G-)

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4
Q

Identify the organism. What is the morphology? What is the arrangement? What stain was used?

A

Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus
Gram stain (G+)

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5
Q

Identify the organism. What stain was used? What was the result?

A

Klebsiella pneumoniae
Capsule stain
Positive

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6
Q

Identify the organism. What stain was used? What was the result?

A

Bacillus cereus
Endospore stain
Positive

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7
Q

Identify organism B. What stain is used? What is the result?

A

Mycobacterium phlei
Acid-fast stain
Acid-fast

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8
Q

Identify organism A. What stain was used? What is the result?

A

Staphylococcus epidermidis
Acid-fast
Non-acid-fast

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9
Q

What organism is the red colony? What is its colony morphology?

A

Serratia marcescens
Moist, entire and round, convex, opaque

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10
Q

What organism is the “colorless” colony? What is its colony morphology?

A

Escherichia coli
Entire round, moist, flat, opaque

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11
Q

What organism is the yellow colony? What is its colony morphology?

A

Micrococcus luteus
Entire round, moist, convex, opaque

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12
Q

What organism is the yellow colony? What is its colony morphology?

A

Micrococcus luteus
Entire round, moist, convex, opaque

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13
Q

What staining technique was used?

A

Basic (simple) stain

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14
Q

What do basic stains dissociate into?

A

OH- and cationic chromagen

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15
Q

What ingredients/dyes were used for basic (simple) stains?

A

Methylene Blue
Crystal Violet

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16
Q

What organisms were viewed using basic (simple) stain?

A

Staphylococcus aureus
Bacillus subtilis

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17
Q

What staining technique is used?

A

Acidic (negative) stain

18
Q

What do acidic stains dissociate into?

A

H+ and anionic chromagen

19
Q

Why do we heat fix smears?

A
  • kill all cells on slide
  • adheres cells to slide
  • makes cells more visible (protein denatures and conjugates)
20
Q

What ingredients/dyes were used for a negative stain?

A

Nigrosin

21
Q

What organisms were viewed with a negative stain?

A

Rhodospirillum rubrum
Micrococcus luteus

22
Q

What do we use negative stains for?

A
  1. Hard to stain species (non-polar cell walls)
  2. Observe true size, morphology, and arrangement
23
Q

Why does a negative stain show truer size?

A

No heat fixing which can distort and shrink cells

24
Q

What staining technique is used?

A

Gram stain

25
Q

What ingredients/dyes are used for gram stain?

A

Primary stain: Crystal Violet (basic)
Mordant: iodine
Decolorizer: Acetone-alcohol
Counterstain: Safranin (basic)

26
Q

What organisms did we view under gram stain? What were the results?

A

Citrobacter freundii (G-B)
Bacillus cereus (G+B)
Staphylococcus aureus (G+C)

27
Q

What is the differential step in a Gram stain?

A

Decolorization

28
Q

What is a mordant for?

A

Color enhancer

29
Q

What stain is used?

A

Endospore stain

30
Q

What dyes/ingredients are used in an endospore stain?

A

Primary stain: Malachite Green (basic)
Decolorizer: water
Counterstain: Safranin (basic)

31
Q

What genera produce endospores?

A

Bacillus and Clostridium

32
Q

What organisms did we use Endospore stain on? What was the result?

A

Bacillus cereus: positive for endospores

Staphylococcus aureus: negative for endospores

33
Q

What staining technique is used?

A

Capsule stain

34
Q

What dyes/ingredients are used for capsule stains?

A

Primary stain: Tyler’s capsule stain (crystal violet)

Decolorizer: Copper sulfate

35
Q

What organisms did we view with capsule stain? What were the results?

A

Klebsiella pneumoniae (capsule positive)

Staphylococcus epidermidis (capsule negative)

36
Q

Do capsule stains use heat fixation?

A

No, capsules are heat-liable

37
Q

What staining technique is used?

A

Acid-fast stain
Magenta: acid-fast
Blue: non acid-fast

38
Q

What dyes/ingredients are used for acid-fast stain?

A

Primary stain: Carbolfuchsin (basic)
Decolorizer: Acid-alcohol
Counterstain: Methylene blue

39
Q

What organisms did we view under acid-fast stain? What were the results?

A

Mycobacterium phlei (acid-fast)
Staphylococcus epidermidis (non-acid fast)

40
Q

What are other common acid-fast bacteria? What disease do they cause?

A

Mycobacterium tuberculosis: tuberculosis

Mycobacterium leprae: Hansen’s disease

Mycobacterium smegmatis: smegma

41
Q

What staining techniques require steam?

A

Acid-fast and Endospore stains

MICR 262 (30 decks)

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