Lab and field experiments

Question 1

There are three main kinds of experiments what are they

Answer 1

Laboratory, field and natural

Question 2

How does an experiment differ from nonexperimental methods?

Answer 2

It involves the manipulation of one variable while trying to keep all the other variables constant the IV is the only thing that is changed

Question 3

What is a laboratory experiment?

Answer 3

It is conducted in a special environment where confounding variables can be carefully controlled

Question 4

What is a field experiment?

Answer 4

An experiment conducted in a more everyday environments though the independent variable is still deliberately manipulated

Question 5

are participants aware that they are in a field experiment?

Answer 5

Often no

Question 6

are participants aware that they are in a Laboratory experiment?

Answer 6

Yes

Question 7

What is a field study?

Answer 7

Any study which is conducted in an everyday environment

Question 8

What is the Hawthorne effect?

Answer 8

The study found that In a factory increased lighting led to increased productivity but then also found that the increased lighting

Question 9

What is the conclusion of The increased outputf the Hawthorne effect?

Answer 9

The conclusion was that the participants knew they were being studied and this interest in their work explained

Question 10

What was the conclusion of the Veitch and Griffit experiment

Answer 10

that people like others who are associated with positive experiences?

Question 11

Summarise the Veitch and Griffit experiment

Answer 11

Participants were asked to wait in a room before an experiment began. There was a radio playing either good or bad news and the stranger was present. When participants were asked to rate the stranger the degree of liking was related to the kind of news they have been listening to

Question 12

Describe the helping behaviour study on the New York subway (Piliavin et al)

Answer 12

A Confederate collapses on a subway train and investigators note whether help is offered. The Confederate is either holding a black cane or carrying a paper bag with a bottle of alcohol and smells drunk. It was found that when the victim carried a cane 95% of bystanders helped within 10 seconds but it appeared drunk only 50% came to help.

Question 13

Describe the Bobo doll study/experiment

Answer 13

Children who saw the model show aggressive behaviour towards the Bobo doll were more likely to behave aggressively towards the doll too

Question 14

How was the Bobo doll experiment setup

Answer 14

The participants were children aged between three and five who were taken to a room and given the opportunity to play with toys including a 5 foot inflatable bobo doll and mallets. Half the children watched A model played aggressively with the doll while the other half watched the model play non-aggressively with the doll. The model then left the room for about 10 minutes and the children were given the opportunity to play with the toys whilst being observed through a one-way mirror

Question 15

What was the schunk experiment?

Answer 15

A group of school pupils were given information about how their peers had performed on a maths test. They were either told that their peers are done well or done poorly on the test the children were later given a mass testing class is expected to do well did better than those led to expect to do poorly

Question 16

What was the Peterson and Peterson experiment?

Answer 16

Participants were tested in their teaching room and given nonsense trigrams and then asked to count backwards until told to stop counting interval was used to prevent the trigram being rehearsed when the counting interval was three seconds participants could recall most trigrams when it was 18 seconds they couldn’t recall any trigrams

Question 17

Laboratory Experiments are artificial - what can be the impact on participants?

Answer 17

Participants know they are being studied and this is likely to mean they don’t behave normally

Question 18

What does mundane realism mean?

Answer 18

Whether the setting of a laboratory experiment closely reflects every day life

Question 19

When a study is high in mundane realism people are more likely to ?

Answer 19

behave like they normally do

Question 20

When a study is high in mundane realism is it like?

Answer 20

It is like everyday life

Question 21

In a laboratory experiment, What happens to the IV or DV ?

Answer 21

In a laboratory experiment the IV or DV may be operationalised in a way that it doesn’t represent everyday life experiences

Question 22

Our field experiments more likely to have higher mundane realism?

Answer 22

Yes

Question 23

Is it easier or harder to control confounding variables in a field experiment versus a laboratory experiment?

Answer 23

Harder

Question 24

What is the major ethical issue with a field experiment

Answer 24

Is it right to manipulate and record their behaviour if they don’t know they are being studied