Lab 9 Flashcards
Digestion in most animals is
Extracellular
Food is swallowed into some type of digestive cavity that is connected by some sort of passageway to outside the animal’s body. Once in the digestive cavity, food is subjected to enzymatic breakdown and only then can the now solvable nutrients be absorbed into the surrounding cells
EXTRACE3LLULAR
In protozoa digestion is (x) because food is brought directly in the cell by a type of endocytosis
Intracellular
The plasma membrane encircles the food particle until it is completely enclosed within a food vacuole. Once within the cytosol, the food vacuole fuses with a lysosomes. As the enzymes hydrolysis the food, soluble end products are absorbed across the food vacuolar membrane into the cytosol.
Phagocytosis
A membranous organelle that contains digestive enzymes
Lysosomes
When digestion is completed, the food vacuole fuses with the plasma membrane, expelling undigested contents and waste into the environment through
Exocytosis
-owe
Sugar
Pep-
Amino acids (proteins)
Ciliates are named because of the abundance of
Hairlike appendages covering the surfaces of these organisms
The oar like action of the cilia is used for both
Locomotion and feeding
Some of the most complex unicellular organisms
Ciliates
Controls the production of messenger RNA and protein synthesis, growth, and asexual reproduction
Macronucleus
Essential for conjugation
Micronucelus
Sexual process in ciliates
Conjugation
The outer surface of ciliates, reinforced plasma membrane that maintains the shape of the organisms but still exhibits a degree of flexibility
A pellicle
Found particularly in freshwater forms and act as pumps that constantly squeeze out excess water form the cell’s interior
Contractile vacuoles
Lys
Split
Some
Body
Food particles are swept along in water currents created by the beating action of cilia that line a
Buccaneers cavity
Buccal cavity
Oral groove
Within the buccal cavity there is a distinct opening the (x) that opens into a passageway called the (x)
Cytosome, cytopharynx
Cell mouth
Cytosome
Cell throat
Cytopharynx
As food stuff accumulates at the bottom of the cytopharynx, a (x) forms
Food vacuole
As the food vacuole moves in the cytosol, a (x) fuses it
Lysosome
As digestion proceeds, the food vacuole circulates throughout the cytosol and the solvable products of digestion diffuse across the
Membrane throughout the cell’s interior
When digestion is complete, the food reaches a region of the cell surface called the
Anal pore
The vacuole becomes attached to the (x), ruptures, and releases its contents of wastes and undigested remains to the extioror
Anal pore
the passage by which food passes from the mouth to the stomach; the esophagus.
Gullet
The anal opening in a unicellular organism.
Cytoproct
