Lab 8 Flashcards
Gonads
Produces and releases egg/sperm
Testes and ovaries
Germ Cells
Cell containing half the number of chromosomes of a somatic cell and able to unite with germ cell from opposite sex to form diploid individual
Purpose of external reproductive
Protect internal genitalia, sensory during sex
role of female internal reproductive organs
Fertilization of egg and growth/protection of fetus
Scrotum
Physical protection and cushioning for internal sex organs (testes); regulate body temp and water loss
Epididymis
First portion of duct system; site of sperm maturation
Ductus deferens (Vas deferens)
Transport sperm from epididymis to ejaculatory duct
Spermatic cord
Encloses Vas Deferens in connective tissue, BV, and nerves; suspend testes in scrotum
Ampulla
Terminus of vas deferens; empties into ejaculatory duct
Ejaculatory duct
Contraction propels sperm through prostate to prostatic urethra
Urethra (Prostatic, membranous, spongy)
Excretory channel of urinary system and excretion of semen
Seminal vesicle
Glands that produce the fluid that mixes with sperm to create semen
Prostate
Gland around urethra that secretion plays a role in activating sperm
Bulbourethral glands
Lubricates tip of penis and neutralizes acidic urine prior to ejaculation
Semen
Sperm and seminal fluid
Fluid buffers sperm against acidity of vagina
Penis
External male organ allows for penetration and delivery of semen
Glans penis
Enlarged tip of penis; allows expel of urine and semen
Prepuce (foreskin)
Skin covering penis around proximal glans; protect and contribute to sexual sensation
Corpora Cavernosa
Paired Dorsal cylinders involved in erection; fill with blood and erectile tissue so it adequately can penetrate
Corpora spongiosum
Single ventral corpus spongiosum surrounding spongy urethra; keep urethra open during erection
Testis
Gland in scrotum that produces sperm and male hormones
Tunica albuginea
Dense connective tissue covering testis; divide it into lobes; support penis rigidity and length, erectile tissue, and temperature regulation
Seminiferous tubules
Where sperm are produced in testis, coiled in the lobes
Rete Testis
Tubules converge here, help move sperm from testicle to epididymis
Interstitial cells
Responsible for production and secretion of testosterone
Mons pubis
Cushioning and protection
Labia Majora
Contain glands and adipose tissue; homologous to scrotum (protect urethra and vagina)
Labia minora
Contains glands; protect urethra and vagina
Vestibule
B/w labia minora
Contains clitoris, external urethral orifice, vaginal orifice
Clitoris
Erectile tissue; homologous to penis
Perineum
Between anterior end of vaginal fold, ischial tuberosity and anus
Prepuce (of clitoris)
Hood of clitoris, protection
Vagina
Extends from vestibule to uterus; receive penis and semen during sex
Uterus
Muscular organ; fertilized egg implants and houses fetus during development
Body (major part)
Fundus (top part near tube entry)
Cervix
Narrow end of uterus; allow flow in/out of uterus
Endometrium
Mucosal lining of uterus
Made of functional layer (stratum functionalis)
This is the layer that gets shed
And deep basal layer (Stratum basalis) forms new functional layer after menstruation
Uterine (Fallopian) tubes
Transport of egg and fertilization site
Fimbriae
distal end of fallopian tube; “connect” the gonad (ovary) with uterine tube; catch egg when released by ovaries and move it through the tube
Broad ligament
Drapes over superior uterus; anchors uterus and tubes to lateral body walls
Mesometrium
part of broad ligament that supports uterus laterally
Supporting ligaments
Helps maintain position and shape of uterus during pregnancy
Myometrium
Smooth muscle of the uterus that expands and contracts during labor
Nipple
Where milk flows to the outside
Lobes/lobules of mammary glands
Gland and location that makes milk
Lobules make up lobes
Alveoli
Produce milk during lactation
Located in lobules
Lactiferous ducts
Ducts that converge and form branched system connecting nipple to lobules; alveoli drain here
Menstrual cycle
Learn/diagram the whole thing
Video
Etc.
3 stages of menstration
Menstrual, proliferative, secretory
Menstrual
Functional layer of endometrium shed
Before ovulation- follicular phase
Proliferative
Functional layer of endometrium is rebuilt due to estrogen influence
Estrogen also causes spike in LH and FSH in this phase
Before ovulation- follicular phase
Secretory
Immediately after ovulation under influence of progesterone, enrichment of blood supply and glandular secretion of nutrients prepare endometrium to receive embryo
Luteal phase
