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A&P 2 Lab > Lab 1 > Flashcards

Lab 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Components of cardiovascular system

A

Heart, veins, arteries, capillaries

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2
Q

Arteries

A

Carry blood away from the heart

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3
Q

Veins

A

Carry blood towards the heart

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4
Q

Pulmonary vs. systemic circulation

A

Pulmonary moves blood between lungs and heart
Systemic moves blood between heart and rest of the body

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5
Q

Size and shape of heart

A

size of fist, inverted cone

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6
Q

Pericardium function

A

Mechanical protection and lubrication to reduce friction

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7
Q

3 layers of the heart

A

Epicardium, myocardium, endocardium

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8
Q

Why is it called the double pump?

A

B/c it pumps twice, once to the lungs then to the body

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9
Q

Where do you find deoxygenated vs. oxygenated blood

A

Deox: right atrium and right ventricle
Ox: left atrium, left ventricle

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10
Q

Purpose of valves

A

Prevent backflow of blood

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11
Q

Difference between atrioventricular and semilunar valves

A

AV separate atria and ventricles
Semilunar separate ventricles from great arteries

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12
Q

Pericardium

A

outermost layer of the heart wall; mechanical protection for the heart and big vessels and lubricates to reduce friction between the heart and surrounding surfaces

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13
Q

Epicardium

A

layer between the myocardium and innermost layer of pericardium; protects the heart, provides proper signals for heart formation and maturation, and epicardial signals play a role in the hearts injury response

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14
Q

Endocardium

A

Innermost layer of heart wall; protects the heart, is a barrier between the cardiac muscles and the bloodstream, and it also houses the heart’s conduction system

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15
Q

Myocardium

A

Middle layer of heart wall; made up of muscle fibers attached to fibrous rings; contractile function of cardiac pump

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16
Q

Apex

A

Bottom region of heart, “point”

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17
Q

Base

A

Top region of heart

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18
Q

R. Atrium

A

Receives deoxygenated blood from vena cava and coronary sinus. Empties blood into the right ventricle

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19
Q

R. Ventricle

A

Pumps deoxygenated blood received from the right atrium into the pulmonary trunk.

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20
Q

L. Atrium

A

Receives oxygenated blood from the pulmonary veins and empties it into the left ventricle.

21
Q

L. Ventricle

A

Responsible for pumping oxygenated blood into the aorta.

22
Q

Interventricular Septum

A

Separates the two ventricles and ensures proper blood flow through the heart.

23
Q

Tricuspid valve

A

Controls blood flow from the right atrium to the right ventricle and prevents backflow of blood

24
Q

Mitral (bicuspid) valve

A

Controls blood flow from left atrium and left ventricle, prevents backflow

25
Q

Aortic valve

A

Controls blood flow from left ventricle to the aorta, allows for only one way flow of blood out the aorta

26
Q

Pulmonary valve

A

Allows blood to flow into the lungs without backflow into the ventricle

27
Q

Chordae Tendineae

A

Maintain the position and tension of the AV valves

28
Q

Papillary muscles

A

Prevent leakage through AV valves

29
Q

Aorta

A

carries oxygen-rich blood away from heart to rest of the body

30
Q

Pulmonary Trunk

A

Controls blood flow out of right ventricle

31
Q

L. Pulmonary artery

A

Sends blood to the left lung

32
Q

R. Pulmonary artery

A

Sends blood to right lung

33
Q

Superior vena cava

A

Carries blood from the head neck arms and chest into the heart

34
Q

Inferior vena cava

A

Carries blood from legs feet and organs of abdomen and pelvis into the heart

35
Q

L.&R Pulmonary Veins

A

Collect O2 rich blood from the lungs and carry it to the heart

36
Q

Fossa Ovalis

A

Communication between right and left atrium

37
Q

Ligamentum Arteriosum

A

Attaches aorta to the pulmonary artery

38
Q

L. Coronary artery

A

Supplies blood to the left side of the heart muscle

39
Q

R. Coronary artery

A

Supplies blood to the right ventricle, right atrium, sinoatrial and atrioventricular nodes

40
Q

Circumflex artery

A

Supplies blood to the outer side and back of the heart

41
Q

Anterior interventricular artery

A

Biggest supplier of oxygenated blood to heart’s left ventricle
Widowmaker

42
Q

Posterior interventricular artery

A

Supply the inferior surface of myocardium and interventricular sulcus of heart with blood

43
Q

R. Marginal artery

A

Provides blood supply to the lateral portion of the R. Ventricle

44
Q

Great Cardiac vein

A

Returns deoxygenated blood from the anterior surface of the left ventricle

45
Q

Middle cardiac vein

A

Empties deox blood into the coronary sinus, drains blood of external layer of myocardium

46
Q

Small cardiac vein

A

Empties blood into the coronary sinus

47
Q

Coronary Sinus

A

Carries deox blood into the right atrium

48
Q

Characteristics of cardiac muscle histology

A

Branched, striated, intercalated discs, uni-nucleated

49
Q

General blood flow through the heart

A

Enter right atrium through sup/inf vena cava or coronary sinus
Through tricuspid valve to RV
Through pulmonary valve to pulmonary trunk, to R&L pulmonary arteries
Return from lungs via R&L pulmonary veins and enter L. atrium
Through Bicuspid valve to L. Ventricle
Through aortic valve, out aorta to body via arteries

A&P 2 Lab (10 decks)

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