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A&P 2 Lab > Lab 10 > Flashcards

Lab 10 Flashcards

1
Q

Medial Rectus

A

Moves eye medially to nose

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2
Q

Lateral rectus

A

Moves eye laterally towards temples

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3
Q

Superior recuts

A

Moves eye upward/downward, helps rotating top of eye towards nose

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4
Q

Inferior rectus

A

Moves eye upward/downward, rotate top of eye away from nose

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5
Q

Superior oblique

A

Moves top of eye towards nose, moves eye in a downward and outward direction

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6
Q

Inferior oblique

A

Rotates top of eye away from nose and moves eye in an upwards and inwards direction

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7
Q

Anterior segments

A

Contains cornea, iris, lens
Controls the light coming into eye

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8
Q

Aqueous Humor

A

Clear liquid in the front part of eye
Nourishment, shape of eye

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9
Q

Choroid

A

BV rich, dark membrane
BV to nourish the outer layers of eye and the melanin absorbs excess light

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10
Q

Ciliary Body

A

Modification of the choroid that encircles the lens
Contains the ciliary muscles and the ciliary process

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11
Q

Ciliary muscle

A

Smooth muscle within ciliary body
Alters shape of lens with contraction and relaxation

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12
Q

Cones

A

Senses and interprets light in Retina
Interprets color

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13
Q

Cornea

A

Modified to form a transparent layer that bulges anteriorly, contains no BV
Forms clear window that is major light bending medium of eye
Continuous with sclera

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14
Q

Fovea centralis

A

Where light reaches, acts as screen of eye
Responsible for high-acuity vision, where the light hits and focuses at the back of eye in center of macula lutea

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15
Q

Iris

A

2 layers of pigmented smooth muscle (anterior vascular layer)
Controls amount of light entering eye

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16
Q

Lens

A

Convex layer of the eye, transmits light

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17
Q

Macula lutea

A

Yellow oval spot at center of retina, responsible for sharp, detailed, central vision

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18
Q

Optic Chiasma

A

Place in brain where some optic nerve fibers from one eye cross those of the other eye
Conducting visual info from eye to cornea

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19
Q

Optic Disk

A

Round spot on retina formed by passage of axons
Transfers signals from photoreceptors to optic nerve
Blind spot

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20
Q

Photoreceptors

A

Rods and cones
Special cells in retina responsible for converting light into signals sent to brain

21
Q

Pigmented epithelium

A

Behind retina
Absorbs excess light so it is not reflected

22
Q

Posterior segment

A

posterior 2/3 of eye
Encompass the vitreous humor, retina, choroid, and optic nerve

23
Q

Pupil

A

Round central opening of the iris
Allows light to enter the eye

24
Q

Retina

A

Back of eye, pigmented and neural
Transmits sensory light info to the brain

25
Q

Rhodopsin

A

Light receptor
Initiates scotopic vision

26
Q

Rods

A

Sense and interpret light
Detects black and white/brightness

27
Q

Sclera

A

Opaque white CT
Maintains eye shape and attachment site for muscles

28
Q

Vitreous Humor

A

Gel-like substance in posterior chamber
Structure/round shape of eye

29
Q

Zonules

A

Sensory ligament
Connects lens to ciliary body

30
Q

How does eye focus on objects near and far

A

For distance vision, ciliary muscles relax, the lense becomes thin, and the zonular fibers become stretched and taught.
For closer vision, ciliary muscles contract, the lens becomes thicker, and the fibers relax.

31
Q

Why do we have a blind spot

A

There are no light sensitive cells in the place where the optic nerve connects so this part of the retina “can’t see”

32
Q

Where in field of vision is blind spot

A

For the right eye, the blind spot is just to the right of the center of vision and vice versa for the left eye

33
Q

Why don’t you notice your blind spot

A

Your brain fills the missing info based on what is going on around you

34
Q

How come we only see one image but both eyes are getting a slightly different view

A

Brain combines the two images and puts it into a single 3D image

35
Q

2 ways photoreceptors stimulated in absence of light and what causes this to occur

A

Electric stimuli and external pressure can both stimulate photoreceptors when there is no light. Electrical stimulation excites nervous tissue which makes an action potential and external pressure stimulates mechanical receptors which can generate an action potential.

36
Q

Pinna

A

Outside of ear, protection

37
Q

Malleus

A

Transfers auditory oscillation to the incus and stapes

38
Q

Incus

A

Middle ear, transmits vibration to stapes

39
Q

Semicircular canals

A

Inner ear, sense head rotations

40
Q

Vestibular nerve

A

Tell brain about balance

41
Q

Cochlear nerve

A

Communicate to brain about hearing

42
Q

Cochlea

A

Inside temporal bone
Water ripples across small hairs

43
Q

Eustachian tube

A

Connects nasopharynx to middle ear
Opens and closes to maintain pressure

44
Q

Round window

A

Within mesotympanum at posterior basal turn of cochlea
transmission of sound

45
Q

Stapes

A

Membrane covered opening that connects middle ear to inner ear
Sound conduction

46
Q

Tympanic cavity

A

Between inner and middle ear, separates them

47
Q

Tympanic membrane

A

Separates external ear canal from eustachian tube, vibrates with sound

48
Q

External ear canal

A

Pinna to eardrum
Transmission of sound

49
Q

Ear and eye structures

A

Label diagrams of both
Including cochlea and Crista Ampullaris

A&P 2 Lab (10 decks)

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