Lab 4: Respiratory System Flashcards
Name the 4 PARANASAL SINUSES
1) MAXILLARY
2) ETHMOID
3) SPHENOID
4) FRONTAL
What type of tissue lines the PARANASAL SINUSES and RESPIRATORY PASSAGES?
PSEUDOSTRATIFIED CILIATED COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM
Give 4 Fs of the PARANASAL SINUSES
1) Circulate airflow
2) Resonate sound
3) Mucus production
4) Lighten skull
Give 3 Fs of the NASAL CONCHAE
1) Inc. SA of the NASAL CAVITIES
2) Warming and humidification of air as it passes into the LUNGS
3) Detect odors
What 2 BONES form the NASAL SEPTUM?
The PERPENDICULAR PLATE of the ETHMOID BONE and the VOMER
The AUDITORY TUBE connects the NASOPHARYNX to the…
…MIDDLE EAR
What is the F of the UVULA?
F - To prevent food from entering the NASAL CAVITY
The GLOTTIS is the entrance to what?
The TRACHEA
What is the S, F, and location of the EPIGLOTTIS?
S - Simple Squamous and ELASTIC CARTILAGE
F - To seal off the windpipe while eating
Location - Posterior to the TRACHEA
What type of CARTILAGE forms the CRICOID CARTILAGE?
HYALINE CARTILAGE
What is the F of the VOCAL FOLDS?
F - Vibrate to produce sound/speech and regulate airflow
Define BRONCHIOCONSTRICTION
Constriction of airways, result of tightening of SMOOTH MUSCLE
S of the TRACHEA
S - Lined by PSEUDOSTRATBLAHBLAHBLAH and walls formed by HYALINE CARTILAGE
Why does the L. LUNG only have 2 lobes?
Because of the space taken up by the HEART
What type of tissue lines the ALVEOLI?
Simple Squamous
What general name is given to the muscle that move the TONGUE?
The GLOSSALS
What CARTILAGE makes up the LARYNX?
HYALINE CARTILAGE
Does it take energy to expand the LUNGS?
Yes
Does it take energy to deflate the LUNGS?
No
F of the DIAPHRAGM
F - Separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity and is important for respiration: as the diaphragm contracts, the volume of the thoracic cavity increases and air is drawn into the lungs
Define TIDAL VOLUME (TV or VT)
Amount of air exchanged with a single breath under resting conditions
Define INSPIRATORY RESERVE VOLUME (IRV)
Additional air that can be inhaled above TV
Define EXPIRATORY RESERVE VOLUME (ERV)
Additional air that can be voluntarily exhaled after a normal respiratory cycle
Define RESIDUAL VOLUME (RV)
Amount of air left in LUNGS following a mass exhale
Define VITAL CAPACITY (VC)
Max. amount of air moved in and out of LUNG with one respiratory cycle
Define TOTAL LUNG CAPACITY (TLC)
Total volume of LUNGS
What is the FEV1 a measure of?
Max. amount of air that can forcibly be exhaled in a certain amount of time
Can exercise inc. VC of LUNGS?
No, the LUNGS only grow to a specific size. Like feet, we can’t ensure they are any certain size.
What is DEAD AIR SPACE?
Inhaled air that does not circulate/engage in gas exchange
6 factors that could effect VC
1) Genetics
2) Pregnancy
3) Disease
4) Physical fitness
5) Muscle mass
6) Environmental factors
