Lab 4: Respiratory System

Question 1

Name the 4 PARANASAL SINUSES

Answer 1

1) MAXILLARY
2) ETHMOID
3) SPHENOID
4) FRONTAL

Question 2

What type of tissue lines the PARANASAL SINUSES and RESPIRATORY PASSAGES?

Answer 2

PSEUDOSTRATIFIED CILIATED COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM

Question 3

Give 4 Fs of the PARANASAL SINUSES

Answer 3

1) Circulate airflow
2) Resonate sound
3) Mucus production
4) Lighten skull

Question 4

Give 3 Fs of the NASAL CONCHAE

Answer 4

1) Inc. SA of the NASAL CAVITIES
2) Warming and humidification of air as it passes into the LUNGS
3) Detect odors

Question 5

What 2 BONES form the NASAL SEPTUM?

Answer 5

The PERPENDICULAR PLATE of the ETHMOID BONE and the VOMER

Question 6

The AUDITORY TUBE connects the NASOPHARYNX to the…

Answer 6

…MIDDLE EAR

Question 7

What is the F of the UVULA?

Answer 7

F - To prevent food from entering the NASAL CAVITY

Question 8

The GLOTTIS is the entrance to what?

Answer 8

The TRACHEA

Question 9

What is the S, F, and location of the EPIGLOTTIS?

Answer 9

S - Simple Squamous and ELASTIC CARTILAGE
F - To seal off the windpipe while eating
Location - Posterior to the TRACHEA

Question 10

What type of CARTILAGE forms the CRICOID CARTILAGE?

Answer 10

HYALINE CARTILAGE

Question 11

What is the F of the VOCAL FOLDS?

Answer 11

F - Vibrate to produce sound/speech and regulate airflow

Question 12

Define BRONCHIOCONSTRICTION

Answer 12

Constriction of airways, result of tightening of SMOOTH MUSCLE

Question 13

S of the TRACHEA

Answer 13

S - Lined by PSEUDOSTRATBLAHBLAHBLAH and walls formed by HYALINE CARTILAGE

Question 14

Why does the L. LUNG only have 2 lobes?

Answer 14

Because of the space taken up by the HEART

Question 15

What type of tissue lines the ALVEOLI?

Answer 15

Simple Squamous

Question 16

What general name is given to the muscle that move the TONGUE?

Answer 16

The GLOSSALS

Question 17

What CARTILAGE makes up the LARYNX?

Answer 17

HYALINE CARTILAGE

Question 18

Does it take energy to expand the LUNGS?

Answer 18

Yes

Question 19

Does it take energy to deflate the LUNGS?

Answer 19

No

Question 20

F of the DIAPHRAGM

Answer 20

F - Separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity and is important for respiration: as the diaphragm contracts, the volume of the thoracic cavity increases and air is drawn into the lungs

Question 21

Define TIDAL VOLUME (TV or VT)

Answer 21

Amount of air exchanged with a single breath under resting conditions

Question 22

Define INSPIRATORY RESERVE VOLUME (IRV)

Answer 22

Additional air that can be inhaled above TV

Question 23

Define EXPIRATORY RESERVE VOLUME (ERV)

Answer 23

Additional air that can be voluntarily exhaled after a normal respiratory cycle

Question 24

Define RESIDUAL VOLUME (RV)

Answer 24

Amount of air left in LUNGS following a mass exhale

Question 25

Define VITAL CAPACITY (VC)

Answer 25

Max. amount of air moved in and out of LUNG with one respiratory cycle

Question 26

Define TOTAL LUNG CAPACITY (TLC)

Answer 26

Total volume of LUNGS

Question 27

What is the FEV1 a measure of?

Answer 27

Max. amount of air that can forcibly be exhaled in a certain amount of time

Question 28

Can exercise inc. VC of LUNGS?

Answer 28

No, the LUNGS only grow to a specific size. Like feet, we can’t ensure they are any certain size.

Question 29

What is DEAD AIR SPACE?

Answer 29

Inhaled air that does not circulate/engage in gas exchange

Question 30

6 factors that could effect VC

Answer 30

1) Genetics
2) Pregnancy
3) Disease
4) Physical fitness
5) Muscle mass
6) Environmental factors