Lab 2: Cardiovascular Anatomy Flashcards
What does the term AURICLE mean?
Ear-shaped
What does the CORONARY SULCUS separate?
R. ATRIUM from the R. VENTRICLE
What does the INTERVENTRICULAR SULCUS separate?
Separates L. and R. VENTRICLES
What happens when blood flow to the heart muscle is blocked?
The muscle tissues begin to die
Where does the R. ATRIUM receive blood from? Is it OXYGENATED or DEOXYGENATED blood?
Receives DEOXYGENATED blood from the SUPERIOR and INFERIOR VENA CAVA and from the CORONARY SINUS
The PULMONARY TRUNK branches into the ?
L. and R. PULMONARY ARTERIES (going to the LUNGS)
Do the PULMONARY ARTERIES carry OXYGENATED or DEOXYGENATED blood?
DEOXYGENATED
Do the PULMONARY VEINS carry OXYGENATED or DEOXYGENATED blood?
OXYGENATED
Why is the L. VENTRICLE wall so much thicker than the R.?
Because the L. VENTRICLE pumps blood to the whole body, as opposed to just the LUNGS
F of PULMONARY ARTERIES
F - Carry DEOXYGENATED blood away from the HEART, to the LUNGS
F of PULMONARY VEINS
F - Carry OXYGENATED blood to the HEART from the LUNGS
F of CAPILLARIES
F - Bring nutrients and O2 to tissues and remove waste products
VEIN or ARTERY:
Has valves
VEIN
VEIN or ARTERY:
Has a thick TUNICA MEDIA
ARTERIES
VEIN or ARTERY:
Most elastic BLOOD VESSEL
ARTERY
Which TUNIC plays an active role in regulating blood pressure?
TUNICA INTIMA
Which TUNIC provides a supporting and protective coat?
TUNICA EXTERNA
Which TUNIC consists of a single layer of cells?
TUNICA INTIMA
Which BLOOD VESSEL consists of only ENDOTHELIUM?
CAPILLARIES
What tissue forms the TUNICA MEDIA?
SMOOTH MUSCLE
What tissue forms the ENDOTHELIUM?
SIMPLE SQUAMOUS
What tissue forms the TUNICA EXTERNA?
FIBROUS CT
What are the 3 large branches of the AORTA?
1) BRACHIOCEPHALIC ARTERY
2) L. COMMON CAROTID ARTERY
3) L. SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY
Which are the first BLOOD VESSELS to receive blood from the AORTA?
The CORONARY ARTERIES
What is the CIRCLE OF WILLIS?
An arterial ring that circles around the PITUITARY GLAND, gives rise to the ANTERIOR, MIDDLE, and POSTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERIES
DEEP VEINS…
…typically travel alongside an artery of the same name
VENOUS SINUSES…
…e.g in the HEART (CORONARY SINUS) or in the DURA MATER, there are several sinuses providing quick drainage of the BRAIN
Via which two BLOOD VESSELS does the SYSTEMIC system return blood from the various non-digestive organs and tissues of the body?
The SUPERIOR or INFERIOR VENA CAVA
Where do the CORONARY ARTERIES originate from?
The base of the AORTA
What does CAD stand for?
CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
What is CORONARY ISCHEMIA?
Not having enough BLOOD through the CORONARY ARTERIES, can be a result of HEART DISEASE or HEART ATTACKS
What is a MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION?
A HEART attack
When could cause a MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION?
Dec. BLOOD flow to a part of the HEART
What is does a CORONARY BYPASS GRAFT (CABG) do?
Redirects BLOOD around partially/fully blocked ARTERIES in the HWRAT to improve BLOOD flow
Which 2 pairs of major ARTERIES supply OXYGENATED blood to the BRAIN
VERTEBRAL ARTERIES and INTERNAL CAROTID ARTERIES
The VERTEBRAL ARTERIES pass through the TRANSVERSE FORAMINA of which bones?
The CERVICAL VERTEBRAE
What does CVA stand for?
CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT
What is a more common term for a CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT?
A STROKE
Give 3 symptoms of a CVA
1) Sudden numbness or weakness on one side
2) Drooping of the facial muscles
3) Difficulty speaking
(F.A.S.T)
Why is the MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY a common site for a CVA?
Because the MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY is located coming just off to the side of the CIRCLE OF WILLIS and the sharp turn is a site for blood turbulence.
What is a HEMORRHAGIC STROKE?
A STROKE occurring from a ruptured BLOOD VESSEL
What is a THROMBOTIC STROKE?
A STROKE occurring from blocked blood flow because of a clot
