Cardiovascular: Anatomy of the Heart Flashcards
Roughly how big is the HEART?
The size of a fist, 250 - 350g
Where does the HEART lie?
In the MEDIASTINUM
Which 2 circuits does the HEART pump BLOOD through?
1) The SYSTEMIC CIRCUIT
2) The PULMONARY CIRCUIT
Explain the SYSTEMIC CIRCUIT
Oxygenated BLOOD goes from the HEART to the BODY, then DEoxygenated BLOOD goes from the BODY to the HEART
Explain the PULMONIC CIRCUIT
DEoxygenated BLOOD goes from the HEART to the LUNGS, then Oxygenated BLOOD goes from the LUNGS to the HEART
What is the name, S, and F of the outer most layer of the HEART?
Name = The FIBROUS PERICARDIUM S = DENSE CT F = Anchors the HEART and prevents overfilling
What is the name of the middle layer of the HEART?
PARIETAL PERICARDIUM
What is the name of the cavity between the middle and inner layers of the HEART? What is in the cavity?
The PERICARDIAL CAVITY, filled with SEROUS FLUID
What is the name of the inner most layer of the HEART?
The VISCERAL PERICARDIUM aka the EPICARDIUM
What makes up the SEROUS PERICARDIUM?
The PARIETAL PERICARDIUM, the PERICARDIAL CAVITY, and the VISCERAL PERICARDIUM
What are the 3 layers of the HEART WALL?
1) The EPICARDIUM aka the VISCERAL PERICARDIUM, made of SIMPLE SQUAMOUS and AREOLAR
2) The MYOCARDIUM, made of CARDIAC MUSCLE
3) The ENDOCARDIUM, made of SIMPLE SQUAMOUS and AREOLAR
How many chambers of the HEART are there?
4
What are the 4 chambers of the HEART?
1) R. ATRIUM
2) R. VENTRICLE
3) L. ATRIUM
4) L. VENTRICLE
The R. ATRIUM receives BLOOD from the ____.
Body
The R. VENTRICLE receives BLOOD from the _ _____.
R. ATRIUM
The L. ATRIUM receives BLOOD from the _____.
LUNGS
The L. VENTRICLE receives BLOOD from the _ ______
L. ATRIUM
The R and L sides of the HEART are separated by what?
A thick wall known as the INTRAVENTRICULAR SEPTUM
S and F of HEART VALVES
S - Flaps (cusps) of ENDOCARDIUM and DENSE CT
F - Prevents backflow
Location and names of the 2 ATRIOVENTRICULAR VALVES
1) TRICUSPID VALVE, between the R. ATRIUM and VENTRICLE
2) BICUSPID aka MITRAL VALVE, between L. ATRIUM and VENTRICLE
What is the role of the PAPILLARY MUSCLES and CHORDAE TENDONEAE?
They anchor the ATRIOVENTRICULAR VALVES to prevent them from collapsing during contraction
L and F of the SEMILUNAR VALVES
L - Between VENTRICLES and large ARTERIES of the HEART
F - Prevent backflow into VENTRICLES from ARTERIES leaving HEART
BLOOD TURBULENCE is associated with ____ _______
VALVE closure
What makes the “lubb” sound of the HEART?
ATRIOVENTRICULAR VALVE closure, follows ATRIAL CONTRACTION
What makes the “dubb” sound of the HEART?
SEMILUNAR VALVE closure, following VENTRICULAR CONTRACTION
What is a HEART murmur?
Abnormal sounds during auscultation of the HEART
