Lab 39

Question 1

disease-producing microorganism

Answer 1

pathogen

Question 2

organism that harbors the pathogen

Answer 2

host

Question 3

can be spread either directly or indirectly from one host to another

Answer 3

communicable diseases

Question 4

cannot be transmitted from one host to another

Answer 4

noncommunicable diseases

Question 5

the science that deals with when and where diseases occur and how they are transmitted in the human population

Answer 5

epidemiology

Question 6

diseases that are constantly present in the population. give an example

Answer 6

endemic diseases; pneumonia

Question 7

When many people in a given area acquire the disease in a relatively short period of time

Answer 7

epidemic disease

Question 8

first reported patient in a disease outbreak

Answer 8

index case

Question 9

should include the typical symptoms of patients identified as cases in an outbreak investigation

Answer 9

case definition

Question 10

disease transmitted when microorganisms are carried on liquid drops from a cough or sneeze. example of direct contact.

Answer 10

droplet infection

Question 11

transmitted by contact with contaminated inanimate objects

Answer 11

fomites

Question 12

insects and other arthropods that carry pathogens

Answer 12

vectors

Question 13

insects carry a pathogen on their feet and may transfer the pathogen to a person’s food

Answer 13

mechanical transmission

Question 14

continual source of an infection

Answer 14

reservoir

Question 15

humans who harbor pathogens but who do not exhibit any signs of disease

Answer 15

carriers

Question 16

compiles data on the incidence of a disease and its method of transmission and tries to locate the source of infection to decrease the incidence

Answer 16

epidemiologist

Question 17

gives a visual display of the outbreak’s magnitude and time trend

Answer 17

epidemic curve

Question 18

infected persons who did not come in direct contact with the source, but was exposed by another host

Answer 18

secondary cases