LAB 11

Question 1

Why are spring ephemeral adaptions necessary

Answer 1

-By being early and quick they are able to take advantage of the narrow window between snow melt and the re-leafing overstory

Question 2

What are 3 ways that plants without chlorophyll obtain energy without photosynthesis

Answer 2

• Obtaining nutrients through association with the fungi family Russulaceae
• Obtaining nutrients by growing only on the roots of beeches
• Carnivorous plants

Question 3

What adaptive feature allows repeated consumption of grasses by herbivores (or mowing) without resulting in the death of the plant?

Answer 3

-They grow from the base of the blade and not by the elongating tip

Question 4

What is the most economically important angiosperm family

Answer 4

Poaceae (grasses)

Question 5

Name 3 ways that angiosperms can avoid self-pollination

Answer 5

• Sequential maturation of male and female structures
• Self-incompatibility
• Physical separation of anthers and stigma

Question 6

List 5 adaptive features that attract or accommodate pollinators

Answer 6

• flower color
• flower odor
• they provide landing spots
• accommodation for long mouth parts
• they offer rewards (pollen, oil, nectar)

Question 7

List 4 mechanisms used by angiosperms to disperse their seed

Answer 7

• wind
• water
• attach seeds externally to organism
• cover seeds with nutrients that’ll be consumed and pooped out

Question 8

Name 3 adaptations common to plants that exhibit invasive tendencies that result in competitive advantages for those plants

Answer 8

• Grow and reproduce rapidly
• Compete aggressively for resources
• they can tolerate a variety of habitat conditions

Question 9

anther

Answer 9

the part of a stamen bearing the pollen, usually consisting of two pollen-sacs

Question 10

Bract

Answer 10

a modified leaf, especially one associated with a reproductive structure, often mistaken for a petal

Question 11

Calyx

Answer 11

all the sepals of a flower, collectively

Question 12

Carpel

Answer 12

the “fertile leaf” which bears the ovule(s); is some cases, equivalent to pistil

Question 13

Corolla

Answer 13

all the petals of a flower, collectively

Question 14

Ovary

Answer 14

the expanded, basal part of a pistil containing the ovule

Question 15

Inferior ovary

Answer 15

other floral parts are attached at the top of the ovary

Question 16

Superior ovary

Answer 16

other floral parts are attached at the bottom of the ovary

Question 17

Petal

Answer 17

one of the inner set of floral “leaves”; often colorful; collectively called the corolla

Question 18

Perianth

Answer 18

all of the sepals and petals of a flower

Question 19

Pistil

Answer 19

the female organ of the flower, composed of one or more carpels

Question 20

Receptacle

Answer 20

the basal part of the flower, representing the tip of a stem to which the other flower parts are attached

Question 21

Sepal

Answer 21

one of the outermost set of floral leaves; collectively called the calyx

Question 22

Stamen

Answer 22

the male organ of a flower, consisting of an anther and usually a filament

Question 23

Stigma

Answer 23

the part of the pistil that is receptive to pollen

Question 24

Style

Answer 24

the slender stalk that typically connects the stigma to the ovary

Question 25

Tepal

Answer 25

a member of the outer whorl of a perianth in which sepal and petal are indistinguishable