La perífrasis verbal - Verbal periphrasis Flashcards
1a
To feel tempted/to have the intention to do/to be in favor of
I feel tempted to walk | I have the intention to walk | I am in favor of walking
Estar por + inf
Estoy por caminar
Estar por + also indicates location (Está por allí)
1b/c
To feel like doing - 2
To Take up (doing) something
I feel like walking 1
Yesterday, I felt like walking 2
My mom has taken up walking
Sentirse + past participle
Darle a alguien por [hacer] algo
Darle a alguien por [hacer] algo
Me siento caminado.
Ayer me dio por caminar.
A mi madre le ha dado por caminar.
dar always = 3rd person sing
1d
To be able to do something - 2
To NOT be able to - 1
I’m able to walk 2
I’m not able to walk 1
Alcanzar a | Poder + inf
No Estar Para + inf
Puedo caminar.
Alcanzo a caminar.
No estoy para caminar.
2a
To be about to do something
To be on the verge of doing something
I’m about to walk.
I’m on the verge of walking
Estar a punto de + inf
Estar por + inf
Estoy a punto de caminar.
Estoy por caminar.
To be ready to do something | To have a mission to do something
(To NOT be in the mood/able to do something)
I’m ready/have a mission to walk
I’m not in the mood to walk
(No) Estar para + inf
Estoy para caminar
No estoy para caminar
2b
To be going to do something
I am going to walk.
Ir a + inf
Voy a caminar.
3a+b SPAIN
To suddenly start/To burst/break into doing something - 2
Romper a + inf
Echar(se) a + inf
3c
To go and (do something unexpectedly) (2)
I went and walked unexpectedly - 2
Ir y + inf?
Agarrar y + inf?
Fui y caminar.
Agarré y caminar.
4a+b
To begin/start doing something
To start doing | carry out something
I start to walk.
I start walking, I carry out (the task of) walking.
Empezar/Comenzar a + inf
Poner(se) a + inf
Empiezo/Comienzo a caminar.
Me pongo a caminar.
5a
To “go around” doing something - 2
He goes around gossiping. - 2
figurative
2+1 physical
1 diff
Andar + Present Participle
Ir por ahí + Present Participle
Anda chismeando|chismoseando.
Va por ahí chismeando|chismoseando.
Girar/Ir alrededor / Dar una vuelta = physical
Rodear = to encircle/surround
6a
To manage to do something
I manage(/get right/guess correctly) to walk.
Acertar a + inf
Acerto a caminar.
7a
To arrive/come to do something
I show up here/come to walk
Llegar|Venir a + inf
Llego/vengo a caminar
8a
To repeat an action | to do something again
I walk again. (another time)
Volver a + inf
Vuelvo a caminar
with no “a” =
- to return
- to come/go back
8b+c
To keep on doing something
To do something continuously(stay doing)
I keep/continue walking.
I’m walking continuously.
Seguir|Continuar + Present Participle
Quedarse + Present Participle
Sigo|Continúo|Me quedo caminando.
Me quedo caminando.
8d
To remain to do something
I still have to walk.
Quedar por + info
Quedo por caminar
9a
To be/get used (accustom) to doing something - 2
I’m accustomed to walking (the dogs) - 2
Acostumbrar(se) a + inf/noun
Estar acostumbrado a + inf/noun
|| (Me) Acostumbro | Estoy acostumbrado || a caminar (/pasear a los perros)
10a+b
To emphasize the progression of an action | to be gradually doing something
To progress | to have been doing something
I progess in my walking | I’m gradually walking
I have been walking (progressing at this)
I go walking. - I come walking.
Ir + Present Participle
Venir + Present Participle
Voy caminando
Vengo caminando
10c
To do something usually | used to
I usually|used to walk.
NOT COMMON
Soler/Solía a + inf
Suelo|Solía a caminar.
NOT COMMON
10d
To express duration of an action
I’ve been walking for five years.
I carry five years walking.
Llevar(present) + time + Present Participle
Llevo cinco años caminando.
10e
To take (a long) time to do something (2+2 | 2)
I take (a long) time to walk. - 2+2
It takes me a lot of time to walk. 2
I take-a-long-time in to-walk. - To-me it takes much time to-walk.
Tardar(se)|Demorar(se) en + inf
Tomarse + time + inf
(Me) Tardo|Demoro en caminar.
Me toma|lleva mucho tiempo caminar.
Tardarse alone is used for impersonal
Demorarse is sometimes used for a slightly negative connotation
10f - COLOMBIA
To spend your whole time doing something
I spend my whole time walking.
To-me I maintain to-walk.
lit
Mantenerse (+ inf?)
Me mantengo caminar.
COLOMBIA
Me paso todo el tiempo caminando.
11a
To end up doing something (2 + 2)
I end up walking
I finish (to-walk/)walking
Acabar|Terminar + inf/Present Participle
Acabo|Termino caminar|caminando
12a
To stop doing something/to give up something
I stop/give up walking
I let|leave of to-walk
Dejar de + inf
Dejo de caminar
13a
To complete an action so far (will continue) | to have been doing something
I have walked (and will keep doing so.)
no haber - I carry walked.
Llevar + Past Participle
Llevo caminado.
13b
To complete an action (a result obtained after accumulation or repetition of actions)
I have finished walking (after much work)
I have(poss.) walked.
Tener + Past Participle
Tengo caminado.
14a
To cease doing something
I cease to walk
VERY FORMAL
Cesar de + inf
Ceso de caminar
VERY FORMAL
14b - SPAIN
To indicate/approximate the end a process
I come to the point of wrapping up walking.
I come TO walk
Venir a + inf
Vengo a caminar
SPAIN
15a
To express a “resulting state” provoked by change (sometimes by obligation/influence) | see oneself as
I end up / find myself / see myself walked
NOT COMMON
Formal passive construction would be with ser/estar
Verse + Past Participle
Me veo caminado
NOT COMMON
16a
To finish doing something
I finish walking
I finish of to-walk
Terminar de + inf
Termino de caminar.
17a
To have just done / just did something
I just walked
I finish of to-walk
Acabar de + inf
Acabo de caminar
17b
To have done something
I have walked
Haber + Past Participle
He caminado
17c
To leave completed
I finished up my walk
I leave done my walk
Dejar hecho + Past Participle
Dejo hecho mi camino/paseo
To have to do something | to express formal obligation or future action
I have to walk
I have of|that to-walk
To me touch to-walk
|| Tener que | Haber de/que | Tocarle || + inf
Tengo que caminar
He de|que caminar
Me toca caminar
