L9 Blood Pressure Control

Question 1

What is the average MAP?

Answer 1

93 mmHg

Question 2

How is the MAP calculated?

Answer 2

cardiac output x total peripheral resistance

Question 3

What is total peripheral resistance controlled by?

Answer 3

sym stim
hormonal (ang II, vasopressin)
local metabolic control

Question 4

How is cardiac output calculated?

Answer 4

stroke volume x HR

Question 5

What can stroke volume be controlled by?

Answer 5

intrinsic (frank-starling aka preload)
extrinsic (SNS)
afterload (resistance against which the muscle fibres have to contract against)

Question 6

Length of sym pre and post ganglionic fibres, and chemical used

Answer 6

pre = short ACh
post = long (noradrenaline)

Question 7

Length of parasym pre and post ganglionic fibres, and chemical used

Answer 7

pre = long ACh
post = short ACh

Question 8

Where are the baroreceptors for BP located

Answer 8

carotid sinus and aortic arch

Question 9

Where is the control centre for BP located

Answer 9

medulla

Question 10

What is the output of BP changes controlled by

Answer 10

SNS or vagus

Question 11

What is the cause of primary hypertension?

Answer 11

idiopathic

Question 12

What are some causes of secondary hypertension

Answer 12

renal hypertension, endocrine hypertension, neurogenic