L55 Gross mediastinum Flashcards
Retropharyngeal space
Between
Extends from ___ to _____
between buccopharyngeal and alar part of prevertebral layer
base of skull to superior mediastinum
Superior mediastium level
above T4,5
Arteries of superior mediastinum
Aorta
Brachiocephalic trunk
Common carotid
Left Subclavian
Veins of superior mediastinum
SVC
Right and Left Brachiocephalic
During a tracheotomoy, watch out for
Left brachiocephalic protruding above thoracic inlet
aortic arch begins and ends at
T4-T5
Aortic arch arches over
Left main bronchus
Pulmonary trunk
Aortic arch gives rise to before descending
Brachiocephalic trunk
L common carotid
L subclavian
Phrenic nerve
path
Relative to Root of lung
anterior to anterior scalene
Over subclavian
enters thorax btwn subclavian a and v
Anterior to root of lung
Vagus
path
Relative to Root of lung
Left: between brachiocephalic vein, common carotid, and subclavian
Right: between brachiocephalic vein and trunk
Posterior to root of lung
Vagus plexuses
Cardiac
Pulmonary
Esophogeal
Phrenic pierced diaphragm at
Left: apex of heart 5th intercostal space at midclavicular
Right: level of IVC (T8)
Bifurcation of trachea
Carina (inferior limit of superior medistinum)
Foreign bodies usually aspirated into which broncus
Right
Esophageal arteries arise from
thoracic artery
bronchial arteries
ascending left gastric artery
Esophageal drainage
azygos
hemiazygos
Left gastric
Esophageal lymphatics drain to
posterior mediastinum
Esophageal hiatus
Type I
Type II
Type I: sliding hiatal: most common, asymphomatic
TypeII: paraesophageal: fundus, risks blood supply
Posterior mediastinum extends from
T4,5 -T12
Danger space
between Alar and prevertebral part of prevertebral layer
Azygos drains
intercostal veins form R Thorax
Hemiazygo and accessory azygos drain
L thorax and drain to Azygos
Azygos vein arches over and drains into
Arches over R superior bronchus and drains into SVC
Descending aorta branches to
Trachea
Bronchi
Esophagus
Posterior intercostal –>thorax
