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SP16 Anatomy Exam 3 > L49 Cardio Histo > Flashcards

L49 Cardio Histo Flashcards

1
Q

Fibrous skeleton of heart has _ fibrous rings and _ fibrous trigones

A

4 rings

2 trigones

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2
Q

Three layers of heart

A

Epicardium
Myocardium (thickest)
Endocardium

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3
Q

Endocardium components

A

Endothelial layer
Subendothelial layer: CT and Smooth Muslce
Subendocardial layer: CT and conducting system

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4
Q

Three layers of heart valves

A

Spongiosa
Fibrosa
Ventricularis

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5
Q 
Spongiosa
Function
Type of tissue
Composition
Location
A

Shock absorber
Loose CT covered in endothelium
Located in atrial or blood vessel side of valve
Collagen and elastic fibers w/ proteoglycans

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6
Q

Fibrosa
Function
Contains

A

Core of valve

Contains fibrous extnensions from Dense irregular CT

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7
Q

Ventricularis
Composition
Location

A

Dense CT w/ elastic fibers covered in endothelium

Adjacent to ventricular side of valve

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8
Q

Types of cardiac conducting cells

A

Nodal cardiac cells

Purkinje fibers

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9
Q

Excitation sequence

A 
SA node-->internodal pathway--->
AV node (delayed .1 seconds)
Bundle of His
Right and left bundle branches
Purkinje fibers
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10
Q

Nodal cardiac muscles compared to surround atrial contractile cardiac cells

A

Smaller
fewer myofibrils
lack intercalated discs

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11
Q

Purkinje fibers compared to surround ventricular contractile cardiac cells

A

Larger
myofibrils at periphery
Larger round nuclei

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12
Q

Purkinje fiber staining
What kind
Why does it stain

A

PAS staining b/c large amount of glycogen

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13
Q

Layers of blood vessels

A

Tunica interna
Tunica Media
Tunica Externa

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14
Q

Tunica interna parts

A

Endothelium
basal lamina
subendothelial layer

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15
Q

Tunica media function

A

rings of smooth muscle for constriction and dilation

Thickest in arteries

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16
Q

Tunica externa/adventitia

Contains

A

Contains vasa vasorum and nervi vascularis in larger vessels

17
Q

Thickest layer in veins

A

tunica externa

18
Q

Thickest layer in arteries

A

Tunica media

19
Q

Types of arteries

A

Elastic/conducting
Muscular/distributing
Small
Arterioles

20
Q

Elastic arteries
Diameter
Function

A

greater than 10mm
Elastic fibers propel blood while ventricles are relaxed
Pressure reserve

21
Q

Muscular/distributing arteries
Diameter
Composition
Function

A

2mm-10mm
Smooth muscle cells
Circularly oriented SM cells are responsible for constriction and dilation

22
Q

Small arteries
diameter
Layers of smooth muscle in tunica media

A

.1mm-2mm

3-8 layers

23
Q

Arterioles
diameter
Layers of smooth muscle in tunica media

A

.01mm-.1mm (10um-100um)

1-2 layers

24
Q

Tunica intima

Elastic vs distributing

A

Elastic: inconspicuous internal elastic membrane
Distributing: Thinner, prominent internal elastic membrane

25
Q

Tunica media

Elastic vs distributing

A

Elastic: SmoothM separated by elastic lamellae
Distribtuing: Smooth M separated by limited elastic lamellae. Prominent external elastic membrane

26
Q

Tunica adventitia

Elastic vs distributing

A

Elastic: thin
Distributing: Thick

27
Q

Small arteries
Tunica intima
Tunica Media
Tunica adventitia

A

TI: internal elastic membrane
TM: 3-8 layers smooth muscle
TA: thin, ill defined

28
Q

Arterioles
Tunica intima
Tunica Media
Tunica adventitia

A

TI: may or may not have internal elastic membrane
TM: 1-2 layers smooth muscle
TA: think ill defined

29
Q

Capillary diameter

A

.004-.01 mm (4um-10um)

30
Q

Types of capillaries

A

Continuous
Fenestrated
Discontinuous (sinusoids)

31
Q

Continuos capillaries
Found in
Junctions
Unique

A

Found in muscle, lung, CNS
Tight junctions
Pinocytotic vessels, pericytes

32
Q

Fenestrated capillaries
Found in
Unique
Size of pores

A

Found in endocrine glands at fluid absorption site
Pinocytotic vessels
80nm-100nm diameter

33
Q

Discontinuous capillaries
found in
Unique

A

liver, spleen, bone marrow

Larger diameter and more irregular than other caps

34
Q

Microcirculatory/microvascular ved

A

arteriole
capilary network
postcapillary venule

35
Q

Post capillary venule vs muscular venule
Tunica media
Tunica adventitia
Pericytes

A 
Postcap: Endothelial cell w/ basal lamina, pericytes
-No tunica media
-No adventitia
Muscular: 
-No pericytes
-Tunica media w/ 1-2 layers smoothmuscle
-Thin tunica adventitia
36
Q 
Vein sizes
Venule
Small
Medium
Large
A

10um-100um
.1mm-1mm
1mm-10mm
larger than 10mm

37
Q

Tunica media

Medium veins vs large

A

Medium: several layers smooth M, collagen, elastic fibers
Large: thin smooth M

38
Q

Tunica adventitia

Medium veins vs large

A

Medium: Thickest, collage and elastic fibers
Large: Thickest, collage, elastic, smooth muscle

39
Q

Valves are folds in which layer?

A

tunic intima

SP16 Anatomy Exam 3 (16 decks)

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