L5: Nutrition Assessment & Types of Feeding

Question 1

Muscle wasting

Answer 1

Question 2

methods of nutritional assessment

Answer 2

• Skin fold thickness
• Muscle wasting
• Body Mass Index (BMI)
• Circumference measurement
• Lab tests

Question 3

Skin fold thickness

Answer 3

Question 4

BMI

Answer 4

Question 5

Circumference measurment

Answer 5

Question 6

Lab tests for nutritional assessment

Answer 6

• Transferrin.
• Iron.
• Hemoglobin.
• Folic acid.
• Vit b12.
• WBCs.
• Lymphocytes.
• Albumin
• Prealbumin
• K & Na.

Question 7

Def of Malnutrition

Answer 7

• The condition that results from taking an unbalanced diet in which certain nutrients are lacking in excess or in the wrong proportions.

Question 8

what are malnutrition consequences?

Answer 8

Question 9

Signs of Vit A Deficiency

Answer 9

• Dry skin.
• Night blindness.

Question 10

Signs of Vit B1 Deficiency

Answer 10

Beriberi “wet & dry”

Question 11

Signs of Vit B2 Deficiency

Answer 11

• Angular stomatitis.
• Seborrheic dermatitis.

Question 12

Signs of Vit B3 Deficiency

Answer 12

Pellagra (3D)

• Dermatitis.
• Dementia.
• Diarrhea.

Question 13

Signs of Vit C Deficiency

Answer 13

Scurvy.

Question 14

Importance of proper diet with an adequate intake & absorbtion of both minerals & Fluid

Answer 14

• Necessary to meet the metabolic needs of the patient.
• Decreased Hospitalization time.
• Morbidity

Question 15

what are essential nutrients?

Answer 15

Question 16

Methods of patient feeding

Answer 16

Question 17

Peroral Diet

Answer 17

• Best if possible
• Standard or Specific diet according to clinical condition e.g. (Diabetic - Hepatic - Cardiac).

Question 18

Def of Nutrition support

Answer 18

• Enteral or parenteral provision of calories, protein, electrolytes, vitamins, minerals, trace elements, and fluids.
• Indicated when adequate nourishment cannot be provided by mouth.

Question 19

Types of Enteral feeding

Answer 19

• Fine-bore nasogastric tube
• Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy
• Needle catheter jejunostomy

Question 20

Procedure of Fine-Bore Nasogastric Feeding

Answer 20

Question 21

Procedure of Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrotomy

Answer 21

Question 22

Indication of Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrotomy

Answer 22

Question 23

Procedure of Needle Catheter Jejunostomy

Answer 23

Question 24

what does standard enteric diet provide?

Answer 24

Question 25

Complications of enteral nutrition

Answer 25

• Regurgitation & aspiration into bronchus.
• Blockage of the nasogastric tube.
• Gastrointestinal side-effects: commonly diarrhea & constipation.

——-

• Metabolic complications:
• Hyperglycemia.
• Hypokalemia.
• Low levels of magnesium, calcium & phosphate.

Question 26

Types of parental feeding

Answer 26

• Peripheral parenteral nutrition (PPN)
• Via a central venous catheter

Question 27

Compare between peripheral parenteral nutrition and nutrition, via a central venous catheter

• Delivered by
• Contain

Answer 27

Question 28

Time of parental feeding

Answer 28

Begin after 3 days except:
- Severely malnourished patient.
- Severe burn.

Question 29

Indications of parental feeding

Answer 29

Indications of Parenteral feeding = Contraindication of enteral feeding

• Hemodynamic instability.
• Intestine ischemia.
• ileus.

Question 30

disadvantages of parental feeding

Answer 30

• Trained personnel are needed.
• Mal position.
• Line blockage.
• Line sepsis.
• Thrombosis.
• phlebitis