L1: Hospital Standards Flashcards
Hospitals are the most complex building types.
….
Each hospital is comprised of a wide range of services & functional units:
- These include:
This diversity is reflected in:
- Breadth
- Specificity of regulations & codes
- Oversight that governs hospital construction.
Each of the wide-ranging & constantly evolving functions of a hospital “including highly complicated mechanical, electrical, and telecommunications systems”
- Requires …….
specialized knowledge & expertise.
Good hospital design integrates…
All successful hospitals are built on a triad of:
- Good planning.
- Good design & construction.
- Good administration.
Types of Hospitals
Introduction to SELECTION OF HOSPITAL LOCATION
Site Selection Criteria
- Land
- Accessibility
- Utilities
- Surrounding
Land
Site Selection Criteria
Accessibility
Site Selection Criteria
Utilities
Site Selection Criteria
Surroundings
Site Selection Criteria
Hospitals are large public buildings that have a significant impact on the environment & economy of the surrounding community. How?
- They are heavy users of energy & water
- They produce large amounts of waste.
- Because hospitals place such demands on community resources, they are natural candidates for sustainable design.
- A building designed for other purpose shouldn’t be converted into a hospital.
….
Material specification in hospitals
Hospital size
Outpatients
Controlled Circulation
- A hospital is a complex system of interrelated functions requiring constant movement of
people & goods. - Much of this circulation should be controlled.
..
Visitors
Controlled Circulation
Visitors should have a simple & direct route to each patient nursing unit without penetrating other functional areas.
Separation & Segregation
Controlled Circulation
Toilets
Controlled Circulation
Separate toilet for:
- Patients & personnel.
- Male & female.
Elevators
Controlled Circulation
Dedicated-service elevators for:
- Deliveries.
- Food.
- Building maintenance services.
one toilet for every ….. patients or personnel.
eight
what are zones of a hospital?
- Outer Zone
- Second Zone
- Inner Zone
- Deep Zone
- Service Zone
Description of Outer Zone
Areas that are immediately accessible to the public as:
* Emergency service.
* Outpatient service.
* Administrative service.
Location of Outer Zone
They shall be located near the entrance of the hospital.
Description of Second Zone
Areas that receive workload from the outer zone as
* Laboratory.
* Pharmacy.
* Radiology.
Location of Second Zone
They shall be located near the outer zone.
Description of Inner Zone
Areas that provide nursing service
“ Nursing care.
* Management of patients.
Location of Inner Zone
They shall be located in private areas but accessible to guests.
Description of Deep Zone
Areas that require asepsis to perform the prescribed services as:
* Surgical service.
* Delivery service.
* Nursery.
* Intensive care.
Location of Deep Zone
They shall be segregated from The public areas
Accessible to:
* The outer zone.
* second zone.
* inner zone.
Description of Service Zone
Areas that provide support to hospital activities as:
* Dietary service.
* Housekeeping service.
* Maintenance
Location of Service Zone
They shall be located in areas away from normal traffic.
Principle of Hospital Planning
Planning Parameters
- Separation
- Patient isolation
- Air movement & ventilation
- Hygiene & Sanitation
- Patient Movement
Separation
Planning Parameters
Patient Isolation
Planning Parameters
Pa
Air movement & Ventilation
Planning Parameters
Hygiene & Sanitation
Planning Parameters
Patients Movement
Planning Parameters
Spaces
Planning Parameters
Should be wide enough for free movement of patients, whether they are on beds, stretchers, or wheelchairs.
Circulation Routes
Planning Parameters
Used for transferring patients from one area to another:
- Should be available & free at all times.
Corridores
Planning Parameters
With a minimum width of 2.44 meters
- For access by patient & equipment.
May be reduced in width to 1.83 meters
- In areas not commonly used for bed, stretcher & equipment transport.
A Ramp or Elevator
Planning Parameters
- A ramp shall be provided as access to the entrance of the hospital “which is not on the same level of the site”
- Should be provided for ancillary, clinical and nursing areas located on the upper floor.
Floor space area per bed
7 m’ (75.3 ft’)
“Excluding central corridor of 2.4 m”.
Single bedrooms
Were given 14 m’ (150 ft’)
Distance ( centers of beds in 6 bedded rooms
> 2.4 meters (7.8 ft)
Averaging 1 wash hand basins (WHB) or sink per …… beds was provisioned for hand hygiene.
6
Bed Planning
BASiC PRINCiPLES iN POSiTiONiNG OF PATIENTS
Defintion of HCW
Number of HCW
Approximately 59 million healthcare workers worldwide.
WHO & Health Care Workers
Recognizing the vital role played by health care workers as “the most valuable resource for health” the World Health Organization (WHO) had declared the years 2006 to 2015 as the
“The decade of the human resources for health”.
Healthcare industry is one of the most hazardous environments to work in:
Recording the patient’s data is very important to:
© Recall Observations.
® Gain Knowledge.
© Inform Others.
© Monitor Performance.
© Instruct Students.
© Justify Interventions.
Types of Patient Records
Paper-Based Medical Records.
Electronic-Based Medical Records.
Compare between Paper Based Medical Record & Electronic Based Medical Records in terms of:
- Synonyms
- Advantages
- Disadvantages
