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Y3R4 - BMS 🏥 > L14: Oxygen Therapy > Flashcards

L14: Oxygen Therapy Flashcards

1
Q

Def of Oxygen Therapy

A
  • Administration of oxygen at a concentration greater than room air (>21%), to treat or prevent hypoxemia
    —-> Increase availability of oxygen to body tissues.
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2
Q

Assessment & Monitoring of Oxygen Therapy

A
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3
Q

Normal Value of ABGs

A
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4
Q

Classification of Hypoxemia

A
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5
Q

Types of Oxygen Therapy

A

Acute Therapy & Chronic Therapy

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6
Q

Indications of Acute Oxygen Therapy

A
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7
Q

Indications of Continous chronic Oxygen Therapy

A
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8
Q

Indications of Non-Continous chronic Oxygen Therapy

A
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9
Q

Sources of Oxygen Therapy

A
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10
Q

when is Humidification needed in Oxygen Therapy?

A
  • Supplemental inspired medical gases should be humidified when administered at flow rates >4 L/min.
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11
Q

Why is Humidification needed in Oxygen Therapy?

A
  • For maintenance of normal function of mucociliary system.
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12
Q

Complications of Oxygen Therapy

A
  • Pulmonary oxygen toxicity.
  • Hypoventilation & carbon dioxide narcosis.
  • Absorption atelectasis.
  • Retrolental fibroplasias.
  • Bronchopulmonary dysplasia in neonates.
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13
Q

Causes of Pulmonary Oxygen Toxicity

A
  • Exposure of pulmonary tissues to a high O2 tension can lead to various degree of Injury
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14
Q

Degree of injury in Pulmonary Oxygen Toxicity is related to ….

A
  • Duration of exposure.
  • O, concentration of delivered oxygen i.e. dose

Generally, O2 concentration >50% is considered toxic.

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15
Q

Manifestations of Pulmonary Oxygen Toxicity

A
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16
Q

Mechanism of Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) by Pulmonary Oxygen Toxicity

A

Prolonged exposure to high O2 concentration → Disruption of endothelial lining of pulmonary capillaries —-> Leakage of proteinaceous fluid into alveoli —–> Damage —-> Cell death.

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16
Q

Orygen delivery systems

A
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17
Q

Prevention of Pulmonary Oxygen Toxicity

A
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18
Q

Where does Hypoventelation & CO2 Narcosis by oxygen toxicity occur?

A

Chronic hypercapnia (PaCO, >45mmHg) why?
- CNS response to elevated CO, level becomes blunted.
- & Hypoxia becomes the main ventilatory stimulus.

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19
Q

Mechanism of Hypoventelation & CO2 Narcosis by oxygen toxicity

A
20
Q

Causes of Absorbtion Atelectasis by O2 Toxicity

A

Decreases Nitrogen in the alveoli: Normally nitrogen not absorbed from the alveoli so keeps alveoli opened.

20
Q

Mechanism of Absorbtion Atelectasis by O2 Toxicity

A

Patients at particular risk

  • More likely to occur in areas distal to partial obstruction of airways, because oxygen is absorbed into blood at a faster rate than it is replaced.
20
Q

Retrolental Fibroplasis in O2 Toxicity

A

Excessive oxygen to premature infants may result in…

  • Constriction of retinal vessels.
  • Retinal detachment.
  • Endothelial cell damage.
  • Possible blindness.
21
Q

Delivery of FiO2 in Nasal canula

A

24%- 44%

22
Q

O2 Flow Rate in Nasal canula

A

1-6 L/min (The best → 4 L/min)

22
Q

Advantages of Nasal canula

A
  • Inexpensive
  • Well tolerated & Comfortable
  • Patients can eat & drink
  • Ideal for patients on long-term oxygen therapy
23
Q

Disadvantages of Nasal canula

A
24
Q

Delivery of FiO2 in Simple face mask

A

35% - 60%

25
Q

O2 Flow Rate in Simple face mask

A

5-10 L/min

26
Q

Advantages of Simple face mask

A
  • Inexpensive.
  • Simple light weight easy to apply disposable.
  • Its FiO2.
  • Can be used in infants, children & adults.
27
Q

Disadvantages of Simple face mask

A
28
Q

Delivery of FiO2 in Partial rebreathing mask

A

> 60%

29
Q

O2 Flow Rate in Partial rebreathing mask

A

15L/min

30
Q

Advantages of Partial rebreathing mask

A
  • Patient can inhale room air through openings in mask if 02 supply is briefly interrupted.
  • Its FiO2
31
Q

Disadvantages of Partial rebreathing mask

A
32
Q

delivery of FiO2 in Non-rebreathing mask

A

80% - 100%

33
Q

O2 Flow Rate in Non-rebreathing mask

A

15L/Min

34
Q

Advantages of Non-rebreathing mask

A
  • Can give high O, concentrations very quickly
  • Always use when initially assessing an unwell patient
35
Q

O2 Flow Rate in Venturi mask

A
36
Q

Disadvantages of Non-rebreathing mask

A
37
Q

Advantages of Venturi mask

A
38
Q

Disadvantages of Venturi mask

A

Interfere with eating, drinking & expectoration.

39
Q

Picture of Venturi mask

A
40
Q

Synonyms of Manual resuscitation bag

A
  • Bag-Valve Mask (BVM).
  • Ambu Resuscitator.
41
Q

Delivery of FiO2 in Manual resuscitation bag

A

Up to 100%

42
Q

O2 Flow Rate in Manual resuscitation bag

A

15L/min

43
Q

What does Manual resuscitation bag Consist of?

A
44
Q

Indications of Manual resuscitation bag

A
  • Oxygenation & ventilation during resuscitation of patient with Cardiopulmonary arrest & critically ill patients.
  • Preparation of patient to general anesthesia.
45
Q

Uses of Manual resuscitation bag

A

Provide:

  • Oxygen
  • Positive-pressure ventilation To a sealed airway such as a mask, endotracheal tube or tracheostomy tube.

Y3R4 - BMS 🏥 (18 decks)

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