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Block 12 Ellen > L5: clinical anatomy of the cubital fossa, forearm and wrist > Flashcards

L5: clinical anatomy of the cubital fossa, forearm and wrist Flashcards

1
Q

floor of the cubital fossa

A

brachialis

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2
Q

roof of the cubital fossa

A

skin, superficial fascia

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3
Q

4 contents of the cubital fossa (lateral to medial)

A
  • radial nerve
  • biceps tendon
  • brachial artery
  • median nerve
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4
Q

when does the brachial artery leave the cubital fossa as

A

the ulnar and radial artery

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5
Q

3 veins in the cubital fossa

A

basilic vein
cephalic vein
median cubital vein

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6
Q

the anterior muscles of the forearm

A

flex wrist and fingers

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7
Q

the posterior muscles of the forearm

A

extend the wrist and fingers

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8
Q

common extensor origin=

A

back of humerus on the lateral epicondyle

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9
Q

inflammation of the common extensor origin=

A

tennis elbow

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10
Q

anconeus=

A

very small triangular muscle connecting humerus to ulna

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11
Q

superficial extensor muscles originate from the

A

common extensor origin

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12
Q

5 superficial muscles of the extensor compartment

A
  • extensor carpi radialis longus
  • extensor carpi radialis brevis
  • extensor digitorum
  • extensor digiti minimi
  • extensor carpi ulnaris
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13
Q

whats special about brachioradialis

A

origin and innervation are extensor muscles but it is a flexor of the elbow

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14
Q

4 muscles from the common extensor origin

A
  • extensor Carpi radialis brevis
  • extensor digitorum
  • extensor digiti minimi
  • extensor carpi ulnaris
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15
Q

origin of brachioradialis

A

upper 2/3 of the lateral supracondylar line of humerus

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16
Q

insertion of bracioradialis

A

base of the radial styloid process

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17
Q

origin of extensor carpi radialis longus

A

lower 1/3 of the lateral supracondylar line of the humerus

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18
Q

insertion of extensor carpi radialis longus

A

dorsal base of 2nd metacarpal

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19
Q

insertion of extensor carpi radialis brevis

A

dorsal base of 3rd metacarpal

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20
Q

insertion of extensor digitorum

A

dorsal middle and distal phalanges of the 4 fingers

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21
Q

insertion of extensor digiti minimi

A

dorsal middle and distal phalanges of the little finger

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22
Q

insertion of extensor carpi ulnaris

A

dorsal base of 5th metacarpal

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23
Q

what nerve innervates all the posterior compartment muscles

A

radial nerve

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24
Q

what is the structure on the back of each digit

A

extensor apperatus

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25
Q

how many tendinous strips from the long extensors on the back of the phalanges

A

1

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26
Q

where does the central slip from the extensor apparatus insert

A

middle phalanx

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27
Q

where does the lateral slip from the extensor apparatus insert

A

base of the distal phalanx

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28
Q

what other muscles insert into the middle phalanx

A

interosseous muscles

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29
Q

6 deep muscles of the extensors

A 
anconeus 
supinator 
abductor pollicis longus 
extensor pollicis brevis 
extensor pollicis longus 
extensor indicis
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30
Q

what muscle insert into the base of the 1st metacarpal and trapezium

A

abductor pollicis longus

31
Q

which muscles inserts into the base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb

A

extensor pollicis brevis

32
Q

which muscle inserts into the base of the distal phalanx of the thumb

A

extensor pollicis longus

33
Q

what muscle inserts into the dorsal base of the middle and distal phalanges of the index finger

A

extensor indicis

34
Q

what does the anatomical snuff box lie between

A

extensor pollicis brevis and extensor pollicis longus

35
Q

what artery lies within the anatomical snuff box

A

radial artery branches

36
Q

what bone is beneath the anatomical snuff box

A

scaphoid bone

37
Q

what bone is frequently fractured when falling on outstretched hands

A

scaphoid bone

38
Q

where is the common flexor origin

A

medial epicondyle

39
Q

4 superficial flexor muscles

A
  • pronator teres
  • flexor carpi radialis
  • palmaris longus
  • flexor carpi ulnaris
40
Q

where do all superficial muscles originate from

A

common flexor origin

41
Q

insertion of pronator teres

A

lateral surface of the mid-shaft of the radius

42
Q

insertion of the flexor carpi radialis

A

palmar side of the bases of metacarpals 2 and 3

43
Q

insertion of the palmaris longus

A

forms the palmar aponeurosis

44
Q

insertion of flexor digitorum superficialis

A

bases of the middle phalanges of the four fingers

45
Q

muscle in the intermediate layer of the anterior compartment

A

-flexor digitorum superficialis

46
Q

insertion of flexor carpi ulnaris

A

pisiform, hamate and base of 5th metacarpal

47
Q

what does pronator teres do

A

pronates the forearm

48
Q

where do the long tendons of the flexor digitorum superficialis run under

A

the flexor retinaculum

49
Q

job of flexor digitorum superficialis

A

flex the proximal interphalangeal joint

50
Q

3 deep muscles of the long flexors

A

flexor digitorum profundus
flexor pollicis longus
pronator quadratus

51
Q

insertion of flexor digitorum profundus

A

distal phalanx of the 4 fingers

52
Q

insertion of flexor pollicis longus

A

base of the distal phalanx of thumb

53
Q

pronator quadratus=

A

crosses between ulnar and radius to pronate the forearm

54
Q

origin of the flexor digitorum profundus

A

medial surface of olecranon /ulna and interosseous membrane

55
Q

origin of flexor pollicis longus

A

anterior surface of radius and interosseous membrane

56
Q

what nerve supplies most flexors of the forearm

A

median nerve

57
Q

2 flexors that the median nerve doesn’t supply

A
  • flexor carpi ulnaris

- half of flexor digitorum profundus

58
Q

median nerve tract through arm and hand

A

passes into forearm suppling most muscles then through carpal tunnel into the hand where it supplies small muscles in the hand especially at the base of the thumb

59
Q

ulna nerve path in forearm

A

passes through hardly doing anything apart from 1/2 flexor digitorum profundus

60
Q

what forms the roof of the carpal tunnel

A

flexor retinaculum

61
Q

what passes underneath the flexor retinaculum

A

tendons of the long flexors and the median nerve

62
Q

what nerve is affected in carpal tunnel syndrome

A

median nerve

63
Q

flexing the fingers muscle arrangement from proximal–> distal

A

palmaris longus
digitorum superficialis
digitorum profundus

64
Q

muscles for wrist flexion

A

flexor carpi radialis and ulnaris

65
Q

extension of the wrist

A

contract extensor carpi ulnaris and radialis

66
Q

adduction of the wrist

A

ulnar deviation–> extensor carpi ulnaris and flexor carpi ulnaris

67
Q

abduction of the wrist

A

radial deviation–> flexor carpi radialis and extensor carpi radialis

68
Q

pronating muscles=

A

pronator teres

pronator quadratus

69
Q

supinating muscles

A

biceps

dorsal side–> supinator muscle

70
Q

does the ulnar touch the carpals

A

NO

71
Q

where does wrist flexion and extension occur

A

at the radiocarpal joint

72
Q

where does wrist pronation and supination occur

A

a the distal radioulnar joint

73
Q

how is the radial head held in place at the proximal end

A

annular ligament

Block 12 Ellen (25 decks)

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