L16: An approach to disorders of the nervous system

Question 1

CNS=

Answer 1

brain and spinal cord

Question 2

7 features of the frontal lobe

Answer 2

• intellectual function
• praxis
• inhibition
• bladder continence
• saccadic eye movement
• motor function
• expressive language (dominant lobe)

Question 3

frontal lobe dementia= (5)

Answer 3

• disinhibited behaviour
• sweet tooth
• reduced sense of smell
• bladder dysfunction
• gait apraxia

Question 4

what is the medial motor homoculus (legs) supplied by

Answer 4

anterior cerebral artery

Question 5

what is the lateral motor homoculus (arm) supplied by

Answer 5

middle cerebral artery

Question 6

2 parts of corticospinal tract

Answer 6

• lateral corticospinal tract

- anterior corticospinal tract

Question 7

where does the lateral corticospinal tract decussate

Answer 7

medullary pyramids

Question 8

where does the anterior corticospinal tract decussate

Answer 8

spinal level

Question 9

when does the corticospinal tract become fully myelinated

Answer 9

2 years old

Question 10

midbrain cranial nerves=

Answer 10

3 and 4

Question 11

pons cranial nerves=

Answer 11

5,6 and 7

Question 12

medulla cranial nerves=

Answer 12

9,10,11,12

Question 13

left middle cerebral artery stroke= (3)

Answer 13

• right upper motor facial weakness (lower face)
• expressive dysphasia
• right arm weaker than leg

Question 14

anterior cerebral artery stroke =

Answer 14

• leg affected more than arm

- speech not affected

Question 15

temporal lobe features

Answer 15

• memory
• smell
• hearing
• vestibular
• emotion

Question 16

emotion in which system

Answer 16

limbic

Question 17

temporal lobe epilepsy –>

Answer 17

• dejavu
• hallucinations of smell, taste, visual and spatial recognition
• panic
• tonic clonic seizures

Question 18

occipital lobe feature

Answer 18

vision

Question 19

parietal lobe features=

Answer 19

-sensory integration
-receptive language
dyslexia

Question 20

2 main sensory tracts=

Answer 20

• DCML

- Spinothalamic

Question 21

what kind of fibers does spinothalamic run through

Answer 21

small myelinated fibers

Question 22

where do the sensory nerves of spinothalamic run

Answer 22

into dorsal root ganglion at each dermatome

Question 23

where do spinothalamic decussate

Answer 23

ascend 1-2 spinal levels and decussate

Question 24

anterior spinothalamic tract=

Answer 24

crude touch and pressure

Question 25

lateral spinothalamic tract=

Answer 25

pain and temperature

Question 26

where does spinothalamic terminate

Answer 26

sensory parietal cortex

Question 27

dorsal columns sense

Answer 27

joint position, deep pressure and vibration

Question 28

where does DCML decussate

Answer 28

medulla

Question 29

where does DCML terminate

Answer 29

thalamus

Question 30

left sided spinal cord injury-->

Answer 30

- right sided loss of pain, temp, crude touch | - left sided loss of proprioception

Question 31

substania nigra produces

Answer 31

dopamine

Question 32

red nucleus used for

Answer 32

-coordination

Question 33

what is dopamine the precursor of

Answer 33

melanin

Question 34

weber syndrome=

Answer 34

midbrain stroke -oculomotor palsy contralateral motor dysfunction

Question 35

wallenburgs syndrome=

Answer 35

lateral medullary syndrome

Question 36

lateral medullary syndrome caused by

Answer 36

posterior inferior cerebellar artery stroke

Question 37

lateral medullary syndrome causes

Answer 37

- impaired gag reflex - ipsilateral facial sensory loss - ipsilateral horner's - vertigo - altered taste

Question 38

4 other brain stem functions

Answer 38

- respiratory centre - cardiac centre - reticular activating centre - conduit for white matter tracts

Question 39

3 parts of the cerebellum

Answer 39

- spinocerebellum - vestibulocerebellum - cerebrocerebellum

Question 40

middle of the cerebellum=

Answer 40

vermis

Question 41

anterior cerebellum damage=

Answer 41

lower limbs affected by alcohol

Question 42

vestibulocerebellum used for

Answer 42

posture and balance

Question 43

spinocerebellum used for

Answer 43

postural tone

Question 44

cerebrocerebellum used for

Answer 44

fine coordination

Question 45

Vanish'd features of cerebellar dysfunction

Answer 45

``` Vertigo Ataxia Nystagmus Intention tremor Slurred speech Hypotonia Dysmetria ```

Question 46

what side do cerebellar lesions always affect

Answer 46

ipsilateral