L22: responses of brain to traumatic injury Flashcards
3 meninges of the brain (Top to bottom)
- dura matter
- arachnoid matter
- pia mater
2 types of brain bleeds in the meninges
- extradural haematoma
- subdural haematoma
shape of an extradural haematoma
lense shaped
what vessel is an extradural haematoma commonly caused by
middle meningeal artery
type of vessels damaged in subdural haematoma
veins
which haematoma is more common in old people
subdural
which haematoma accumulates slowly
subdural
how to treat haematoma
craniotomy
symptoms of brain injury
- altered conscious level
- vomiting
- pain
- dizziness
2 reasons for secondary brain injury
- seizure
- menigitis
2 types of primary brain injury
focal
diffuse
3 focal brain injuries
- contusion -within the mater of the brain itself
- haemorrhage
3 diffuse brain injuries
- axonal injury (force)
- hypoxic brain
- brain swelling
what autoregulates Cerebral spinal fluid
vasodilation and vasoconstriction
how can pressure be equalised in brain injury
- Venous blood can move into the SVC
- CSF can migrate down the spinal cord