L22: responses of brain to traumatic injury Flashcards

1
Q

3 meninges of the brain (Top to bottom)

A
  • dura matter
  • arachnoid matter
  • pia mater
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2
Q

2 types of brain bleeds in the meninges

A
  • extradural haematoma

- subdural haematoma

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3
Q

shape of an extradural haematoma

A

lense shaped

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4
Q

what vessel is an extradural haematoma commonly caused by

A

middle meningeal artery

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5
Q

type of vessels damaged in subdural haematoma

A

veins

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6
Q

which haematoma is more common in old people

A

subdural

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7
Q

which haematoma accumulates slowly

A

subdural

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8
Q

how to treat haematoma

A

craniotomy

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9
Q

symptoms of brain injury

A
  • altered conscious level
  • vomiting
  • pain
  • dizziness
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10
Q

2 reasons for secondary brain injury

A
  • seizure

- menigitis

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11
Q

2 types of primary brain injury

A

focal

diffuse

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12
Q

3 focal brain injuries

A
  • contusion -within the mater of the brain itself

- haemorrhage

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13
Q

3 diffuse brain injuries

A
  • axonal injury (force)
  • hypoxic brain
  • brain swelling
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14
Q

what autoregulates Cerebral spinal fluid

A

vasodilation and vasoconstriction

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15
Q

how can pressure be equalised in brain injury

A
  • Venous blood can move into the SVC

- CSF can migrate down the spinal cord

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16
Q

uncus=

A

part of the brain at the bottom of the temporal lobe

17
Q

what is it called when the brain gets pushed down the uncus

A

uncal herniation

18
Q

cerebral perfusion pressure=

A

mean blood pressure - ICP

19
Q

immediate management of brain injury patient

A
  • ABC
  • treats to life
  • Normalise Oxygenation and circulation
  • aggressive resuscitation