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Block 12 Ellen > L26: Epilepsy > Flashcards

L26: Epilepsy Flashcards

1
Q

what is a seizure

A

an abnormal paroxysmal discharge of cerebral neurons causing clinically detectable changes

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2
Q

how do you get a diagnosis of epilepsy

A

2 unprovoked seizures within the span of 12 months

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3
Q

2 types of seizures

A

generalised

focal

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4
Q

what is the main feature of a generalised seizure

A

complete loss of consciousness

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5
Q

what is a focal seizure

A

not losing consciousness but losing awareness

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6
Q

describe an epileptic seizure (4)

A
  • brief
  • stereotypical (all one persons are the same)
  • multiple
  • not situational
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7
Q

5 features of the frontal lobe

A
  • intellectual function
  • inhibition
  • bladder continence
  • saccadic eye movement
  • motor
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8
Q

differential diagnosis of a parietal lobe seizure

A

TIA

migraine

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9
Q

parietal lobe seizures=

A

positive sensory disturbance/ paraesthesia

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10
Q

what doesn’t happen in a TIA/ migraine

A

don’t lose consciousness

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11
Q

5 features of temporal lobe

A
  • memory
  • smell
  • hearing
  • emotion
  • vestibular
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12
Q

what can happen in a temporal lobe seizure

A

aura- epigastric, smell, taste, deja vu, fear

  • motionless stare
  • automatism
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13
Q

what is automatism

A

lip smacking, fidgeting, fumbling

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14
Q

what happens in the occipital lobe

A

vision

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15
Q

occipital seizures=

A

unformed, circular, multicoloured, confined to hemifield

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16
Q

main differential diagnosis of occipital lobe seizure

A

migraine (vision)

17
Q

what is syncope

A

sudden impairment in consciousness with loss of postural tone

18
Q

differential diagnosis for temporal lobe epilepsy

A

panic attacks

19
Q

triggers for seizures (5)

A
  • lack of sleep
  • stress
  • medications
  • hormonal changes
  • drugs
20
Q

investigations for seizure (3)

A

Bloods
EEG
CT/MRI

21
Q

treatment of epilepsy (6)

A 
sodium valproate 
lamotrigine 
levetiracetam 
topiramate 
Phenobarbitone 
Ethosuximide
22
Q

what is a generalised seizure

A

bilateral tonic clonic

23
Q

what is status epilepticus

A

active part of a tonic clonic seizure lasting more than 5 minutes

Block 12 Ellen (25 decks)

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