L11;Psychological aspects of pain and its management Flashcards
1
Q
nociceptive pain=
A
associated with tissue damage
2
Q
2 types of nociceptive pain
A
somatic
visceral
3
Q
somatic pain=
A
- peripheral pain
- localised, easily described
4
Q
visceral pain=
A
poorly localised and described
5
Q
neuropathic pain=
A
structural neural damage
6
Q
neuroplasticity=
A
nervous system is constantly changing depending on experiences
7
Q
peripheral sensitisation caused by (3)
A
- inflammatory mediators (more likely to get nerve firing)
- spontaneous neural activity
- reduced threshold for activation
8
Q
what is central sensitisation primarily related to
A
increase in neurotransmitter release of glutamate and substance P
9
Q
reasons for central sensitisation (4)
A
- NMDA receptor activation
- medications (Ket)
- increased Ca2+ influx and protein phosphorylation
- transcriptional changes
10
Q
allodynia=
A
painful response to a normal stimuli
11
Q
hyperalgesia=
A
increase response to a painful stimuli
12
Q
central re-organisation=
A
- neuronal sprouting within dorsal spinal cord
- alteration of cortical sensory matrix
- established chronic state of pain
13
Q
psychological components of pain (3)
A
- behavioural
- cognitive
- affective
14
Q
HAD score=
A
hospital anxiety and depression score
15
Q
red flags for pain
A
- history of cancer
- fever, chills, weight loss
- recent bacterial infection
- immunosuppression
