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Y4R5 - Gynecology I 👩‍🍼 > L4: STDs > Flashcards

L4: STDs Flashcards

1
Q

Def of STDs

A

Diseases transmitted by sexual contact

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2
Q

Classification of STDs

A
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3
Q

Classification of STDs

  • Viral
A
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4
Q

Classification of STDs

  • Bacterial
A
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5
Q

Classification of STDs

  • fungal
A
  • Candida Albicans.
  • Torulopsis glabrata.
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6
Q

Classification of STDs

  • Protozoal
A
  • Trichomonas vaginalis.
  • Entameba histolytica vaginitis.
  • Giardia lamblia vaginitis
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7
Q

Classification of STDs

  • Parasitic
A
  • Tenia pubis.
  • Sarcoptes scabiei.
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8
Q

Classification of STDs

  • Chlamydial
A

C. trachomatis

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9
Q

Classification of STDs

  • Mycoplasma
A
  • Mycoplasma hominis.
  • Urea-plasma urealyticum.
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10
Q

Incidence of HPV

A

It is the most common viral STD

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11
Q

Causative Organism of HPV

A

caused by DNA Popova virus.

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12
Q

Sites affected by HPV

A

affects the vuvla, vagina, cervix, perineum and anus as condyloma accuminata (genital warts).

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13
Q

Types & Pathologies of HPV

A
  • Types 16 &18 cause flat warts with the risk of CIN.
  • Types 6 &11 cause exophytic warts with no malignant potential.
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14
Q

CP of HPV

A
  • The characteristic lesion is genital wart which may be single or multiple.
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15
Q

Dx of HPV

A
  • Direct demonstration of virus: by electron microscopy
  • Detection of viral Ag
  • PCR
  • Viral isolation: on tissue culture.
  • Pap smear: Koilocytosis may present [some cells with atypia or dysplasia]. ⭐️
  • Colposcopy: mandatory for all cases to exclude atypical cells. ⭐️
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16
Q

TTT of HPV

A
  • Small lesion: Topical podophyllin, trichloroacetic acid or 5-fluorouracil.
  • Large lesion: Cryotherapy, electrocautery or laser therapy
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17
Q

Causative Organism of HSV

A

DNA herpes simplex virus type II.

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18
Q

CP of HSV

A
  • Multiple vesicles which may coalesce together to form superficial painful ulcers.
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19
Q

INVx in HSV

A
  • Direct demonstration of virus: after staining by Giemsa stain (presence of multinucleated giant cells is suggestive). ⭐️
  • Viral isolation: On tissue culture.
  • Serology: for detection of viral Abs in patient’s serum.
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20
Q

TTT of HSV

A
  • Antiviral drugs: Acyclovir, Iodoxuridine & Vidarabine.
  • Symptomatic treatment: Analgesics.
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21
Q

Causative Organism of AIDS

A
  • Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
  • RNA retrovirus
  • Attacks T4 lymphocytes → cell death OR T4 dysfunction with altered body immunity.
22
Q

CP of AIDS

A
  • The patient may be a carrier for many years.
  • Aids related complex: Lymphadenopathy, oral candidiasis, pneumonias, recurrent viral infections like HSV or cytomegalovirus, T.B., toxoplasmosis.
  • Persistent lymphadenopathy, fungal, bacterial and viral infections.
23
Q

INVx of AIDS

A
  • Direct demonstration of virus: by PCR.
  • Viral isolation: by lymphocyte culture.⭐️
  • Serology: Detection of viral Abs in patient’s serum by ELIZA or Western blotting. ⭐️
24
Q

TTT of AIDS

A

Mainly prophylactic to avoid acquiring infection.

25
Q

Causative Organism of Gonorrhea

A

Neisseria gonorrhea (gram –ve intracellular diplococci)

26
Q

CP of Gonorrhea

A
  • It affects areas lined by thin epithelium (columnar OR transitional) not stratified epithelium.
  • It may cause urethritis, Bartholinitis, cervicitis, salpingitis (PID) or arthritis (via blood spread).
  • Burning urination, frequency, dysuria with urethritis.
  • Discharge with Bartholinitis or cervicitis OR even picture of PID.
27
Q

INVx of Gonorrhea

A
  • Direct demonstration of organism: by Gram stain.
  • Culture and sensitivity: On Thayer martin or chocolate agar. ⭐️
  • Serology: Detection of Abs in patient’s serum.
28
Q

TTT of Gonorrhea

A

Penicillin or cephalosporins.

29
Q

Causative Organism of Syphilis

A
  • Treponema pallidum
30
Q

Pathology of Syphilis

31
Q

INVx for Syphilis

32
Q

TTT of Syphilis

A

Benzathine penicillin-G is the drug of choice.

33
Q

CO of Chancroid

A

Hemophylus ducreyi

34
Q

CP of Chancroid

A

Painful vulval ulcer + lymphadenopathy.

35
Q

INVx for Chancroid

A
  • Direct demonstration of organism: by Gram stain.
  • Culture: on Chocolate agar.
36
Q

TTT of Chancroid

A

Erythromycin

37
Q

CO of Granuloma inguinale

A

Campylobacter granulomatis.

38
Q

CP of Granuloma inguinale

A
  • Painless vulval nodule that progresses to ulcer + No lymphadenopathy.
39
Q

INVx for Granuloma inguinale

A

Direct demonstration of organism:

  • by Gram or Wright stain (presence of Donovan bodies inside macrophages are essential for diagnosis).
40
Q

TTT of Granuloma inguinale

A

Tetracycline

41
Q

CO of lymphogranuloma venereum

A

chlamydia trachomatis, the commonest STD in sexually active women.

42
Q

Characters of chlamydia trachomatis

A

It is obligate intracellular organism between viruses & bacteria.

43
Q

Sybtypes of chlamydia trachomatis

A
  • It is of 15 serotypes.
  • Serotypes L1, L2, L3 cause lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV)
  • Serotypes D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K cause genital infections other than LGV as urethritis, Bartholinitis, cervicitis, endometritis & salpingitis (PID).
44
Q

Phases of lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV)

45
Q

Phases of lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV)

  • 1ry
A

shallow painless ulcer on labia.

46
Q

Phases of lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV)

  • 2ry
47
Q

Phases of lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV)

  • 3ry
A
  • rupture of buboes, formation of multiple sinuses & fistulas discharging

pus.

48
Q

CP of Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV)

A

Clinical manifestations according to the phases mentioned before.

49
Q

INVx for Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV)

A

Direct demonstration of organism: by detection of chlamydial Ag by monoclonal Abs via ELISA (the test of choice).

Culture: tissue culture.

50
Q

TTT of Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV)

A

Doxycycline

Y4R5 - Gynecology I 👩‍🍼 (18 decks)

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