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Y4R5 - Gynecology I 👩‍🍼 > L1: Anatomy of Female Genital Tract - Vulva > Flashcards

L1: Anatomy of Female Genital Tract - Vulva Flashcards

1
Q

Def of Extrenal Genitalia (Vulva)

A

*

Lower end of female genital tract.

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2
Q

Parts of Extrenal Genitalia (Vulva)

A
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3
Q

Parts of Extrenal Genitalia (Vulva)

  • Mons Pubis (Mons Veneris)
A
  • Pad of fat on symphysis pubis covered by hairy skin (pubic hair)
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4
Q

Parts of Extrenal Genitalia (Vulva)

  • Labia Majora
A
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5
Q

Def of Labia Majora

A
  • Two large skin folds covered by hairs except from the inner aspects.
  • They contain in its posterior 1/3, Bartholin’s glands
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6
Q

MCQ

Labia Majora is Homologous to …….

A

Scrotum

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7
Q

Histology of Labia Majora

A
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8
Q

Union of Both Labia Majora

A
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9
Q

Written

Def of Labia Minora

A
  • Two folds of smooth non-hairy skin Lying medial to labia majora and smaller than it.
  • They are very vascular organ so become turgid and congested with sexual excitement.
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10
Q

Written & MCQ

Labia Minora is Homologous to ……..

A

Penile Urethra

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11
Q

WTN

Histology of Labia Minora

A
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12
Q

Union of Both Labia Minora

A
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13
Q

Def of Clitoris

A

highly sensitive erectile organ

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14
Q

VIP

Clitoris is Homologous to …..

A

Male penis (but doesn’t contain urethra)

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15
Q

Composition of Clitoris

A

It is formed of glans and body
- body : is formed of 2 crura cavernosa.
- Glans: is covered by prepuce from above and frenulum from below.

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16
Q

Histology of Clitoris

A

*

  • Covered by stratified squamous epithelium with numerous sebaceous & sweat glands.
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17
Q

Attachements of Clitoris

A
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18
Q

Blood Supply of Clitoris

A
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19
Q

Lymphatic Drainage of Clitoris

A
  • Superficial inguinal LNs.
  • Directly to external iliac LNs via gland of Cloquet.
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20
Q

Nerve Supply of Clitoris

A
  • It is the most sensitive structure during sexual arousal due to its content of many specialized nerve endings “Dogiel Krause corpuscles”.
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21
Q

VIP

Applied Anatomy (Clinical & Surgical Importance) of Clitoris

A
  • Main part removed in female circumcision (may affect woman’s sexuality).
  • Clitoromegaly occurs in cases of hyperandrogenism.
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22
Q

WTN

Def of Vestibule

A

It is the closed space between the 2 labia minora

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23
Q

WTN

Boundaries of Vestibule

24
Q

WTN

Structures opening in Vestibule

A
  • Anterior → External urethral meatus
  • Posterior → External vaginal orifice
  • On each side → duct of Bartholin’s gland
25
Q

Def of Vestibular Bulbs

A

Two oblong erectile tissues, lying on each side of the vaginal orifice and seen on straining.

26
Q

VIP

Vestibular Bulbs are Homologous to …..

A

Corpora spongiosa in male.

27
Q

Site of Vestibular Bulbs

A

Deep to bulbocavernosus muscles & anterior to Bartholin’s glands.

28
Q

WTN

Def of Bartholin Glands (Greater Vestibular Glands)

A

Modified racemose sebaceous glands

29
Q

WTN

Bartholin Glands (Greater Vestibular Glands) is Homologous to …..

A

Cowper’s glands in male.

30
Q

wtn

Sites of Bartholin Glands (Greater Vestibular Glands)

A
  • Posterior 1/3 of labia majora in contact with posterior parts of vestibular bulbs
31
Q

WTN

Bartholin Glands (Greater Vestibular Glands)

  • Ducts
A
  • Each gland has a duct of about 2 cm long that passes between the hymen and labia minora to open in the vagina.
  • The duct openings are not seen except when inflame d or obstructed
32
Q

WTN

Bartholin Glands (Greater Vestibular Glands)

  • Applied Anatomy
33
Q

Applied Anatomy of Bartholin Glands (Greater Vestibular Glands)

  • Secrete …..
A
  • thin mucoid alkaline fluid during sexual excitement which acts as coital lubricant & has antimicrobial activities.
34
Q

Applied Anatomy of Bartholin Glands (Greater Vestibular Glands)

  • If any swelling appears at posterior 1/3 of Jabium majus
A

considered Bartholin’s gland swelling.

35
Q

Applied Anatomy of Bartholin Glands (Greater Vestibular Glands)

  • If duct opening is seen
A

means obstruction or inflammation.

36
Q

Applied Anatomy of Bartholin Glands (Greater Vestibular Glands)

  • It gland is surgically removed
A

may lead to severe Hge as it is in contact with posterior part of vestibular bulb.

37
Q

Applied Anatomy of Bartholin Glands (Greater Vestibular Glands)

  • Bartholin Gland Carcinoma
A

drains directly to deep inguinal LNs.

38
Q

Marsupialization of Bartholin’s duct cyst

39
Q

Def of Hymen

A
  • It is a double layered mucous membrane that closes the lower vaginal orifice in the virgin.
  • It has an opening for the menstrual blood to pass
40
Q

MCQ

Shapes of Hymenal Opening

41
Q

Hymen

  • Applied Anatomy
42
Q

Applied Anatomy of Hymen

  • If it is imperforate
A

causes cryptomenorrhea.

43
Q

Applied Anatomy of Hymen

  • It is torn by ist coitus unless …..
A
  • opening is patulous or hymen is elastic (so, intact hymen isn’t absolute proof of virginity).
44
Q

Applied Anatomy of Hymen

  • It may be torn by …..
A

trauma (so, ruptured hymen isn’t indicator of coitus).

45
Q

MCQ

Applied Anatomy of Hymen

  • It is torn more & more during 1st vaginal delivery & remnants of hymen in parous women are called …….
A

caranculae myrtiformis.

46
Q

Depression () hymen & fourchette is called ……… which is found only in virgins.

A

fossa navicularis

48
Q

Blood Supply to Vulva

49
Q

MCQ

Blood Supply to Vulva

  • Arterial
A

Internal “main” and external pudendal arteries.

50
Q

Blood Supply to Vulva

  • Venous
A

corresponding to the arteries

51
Q

WTN

Lymphatic Drainage of Vulva

A

superficial and deep femoral and inguinal L.N

52
Q

Nerve Supply of Vulva

A
  • Pudendal nerve “main” “from S2, S3, S4 motor and sensory”
  • ilioinguinal nerve,
  • genital branch of genitofemoral nerve
  • posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh.
53
Q

Origin of Pudendal Nerve

A

S2, S3 & S4.

54
Q

Course of Pudendal Nerve

A
  • Leaves pelvis through greater sciatic foramen & crosses behind ischial spine & curls around it then passes through lesser sciatic foramen to enter pelvis again & pass in pudendal canal (Alcock’s canal) in ischiorectal fossa.
55
Q

Branches of Pudendal Nerve

56
Q

Done

Y4R5 - Gynecology I 👩‍🍼 (18 decks)

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