L3 Skin Flashcards
The integument is made up of ___________ and ________.
cutaneous membrane ( skin )
accessory structures
The integumentary system is an organ system consisting of _______,_____,______ and ______.
skin
hair
nails
exocrine glands
Cutaneous membrane is divided into ______and _______ which has 2 layers which are_____.
epidermis
dermis
reticular, papillary
Accessory structures are _____,_____ and _____.
Hair follicles
nails
exocrine glands
Functions of skin
-protects underlying tissues and organs
-maintains body temp
-stores lipids
-detects touch, pressure,pain
-excretes salts, water and organic wastes
Epidermis composed of _____________ epithelium and _____ blood vessels.
Stratified squamous keratinized
lacks
What are the 5 layers of epidermis?
Stratum Basale
Stratum Spinosum
Stratum Granulosum
Stratum Lucidum
Stratum Corneum
Stratum basale is a single layer of __________ cells that are bound together by _________ and to basal lamina by _______. Cells contain ______.
basophilic
desmosomes
hemidesmosomes
keratin filaments
Stratum spinosum are ________ shaped cells and contains bundles of ______ that gives ______ to the desmosomes giving spined appearance.
polyhedral
tonofilaments
attachments
Stratum granulosum consists of _____ cells and cytoplasm is filled with _______ granules which contains ____ involved in the __________.
polygonal
keratohyalin
proteins
aggregation of keratin filaments
Stratum lucidum composed of ______ cells that _____ have nuclei and organelles and is well defined in ___ skin.
flattened
do not
thick
Stratum corneum consists of many layers of _________ cells that are _____ and _____.
keratinized dead
flattened
non nucleated
Epidermis has ____ skin that has ___ layers of keratinocytes and _____ skin that has___ layers.
thin
4
thick
5
What is keratinization?
The formation of a layer of dead, protective cells filled with keratin
Keratinocytes _____ and _____ the skin
protects
waterproofs
Non keratinocytes consists of _____,_____ and _____.
melanocytes
merkel cells
langerhans cells
melanocytes produces _____ and contributes to _____ and absorbs ______.
melanin
skin colour
UV light
Langerhans cells participate in _____ responses.
immune
Merkel cells act as a ______ for ______.
mechanoreceptor
touch sensation
Dermis is composed of ______ CT.
dense
Dermis has dermal ______ that supply nutrients to all skin cells.
blood vessels
Epidermal ridges and dermal papillae in papillary layer of dermis provide _________surface area for the epidermis and dermis to connect.
increased
Papillary layer is the _____ portion of the dermis and consists of ____ CT contaning elastic fibres.
superficial
areolar
Reticular layer is the ____ portion of the dermis and consists of ________ CT containing collagen/elastic fibres.
deeper
dense irregular
Reticular layer provides skin with _____ and _____and contains _____,______ and _____ glands.
strength
elasticity
hair follicles
nerves
sebaceous
Hypodermis is masses of ____ CT and _____ tissues that bind the skin to the underlying organs.
loose
adipose
Appendages of the skin are _____,_____,_____,_____ and ____.
nails
sweat glands
sebaceous glands
hair follicles
hair
There are 2 types of sweat glands which are _____ and _____.
Eccrine and apocrine
Sebaceous glands secrete and oily secretion called ______.
sebum
Three pigments that contribute to skin colour are _____, _____ and _____.
melanin
carotene
hemoglobin
Melanin is a polymer made up _____ amino acids and its colour is _____ or _____.
tyrosine
yellow-brown
black
Melanin is produced by _________ and stored in _______ . They are transferred to _____.
melanocytes
transport vesicles
keratinocytes
Carotene is a _______ pigments and is found in _____ vegetables. They accumulate in ____ cells and _____ tissues of the dermis. It can be converted to vitamin __.
orange-yellow
orange
epidermal
fatty
A
Cyanosis happens when there is severe _____ of blood flow and skin appears ____.
reduction
bluish
