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Physiology > L3 Skin > Flashcards

L3 Skin Flashcards

1
Q

The integument is made up of ___________ and ________.

A

cutaneous membrane ( skin )
accessory structures

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2
Q

The integumentary system is an organ system consisting of _______,_____,______ and ______.

A

skin
hair
nails
exocrine glands

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3
Q

Cutaneous membrane is divided into ______and _______ which has 2 layers which are_____.

A

epidermis
dermis
reticular, papillary

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4
Q

Accessory structures are _____,_____ and _____.

A

Hair follicles
nails
exocrine glands

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5
Q

Functions of skin

A

-protects underlying tissues and organs
-maintains body temp
-stores lipids
-detects touch, pressure,pain
-excretes salts, water and organic wastes

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6
Q

Epidermis composed of _____________ epithelium and _____ blood vessels.

A

Stratified squamous keratinized
lacks

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7
Q

What are the 5 layers of epidermis?

A

Stratum Basale
Stratum Spinosum
Stratum Granulosum
Stratum Lucidum
Stratum Corneum

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8
Q

Stratum basale is a single layer of __________ cells that are bound together by _________ and to basal lamina by _______. Cells contain ______.

A

basophilic
desmosomes
hemidesmosomes
keratin filaments

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9
Q

Stratum spinosum are ________ shaped cells and contains bundles of ______ that gives ______ to the desmosomes giving spined appearance.

A

polyhedral
tonofilaments
attachments

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10
Q

Stratum granulosum consists of _____ cells and cytoplasm is filled with _______ granules which contains ____ involved in the __________.

A

polygonal
keratohyalin
proteins
aggregation of keratin filaments

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11
Q

Stratum lucidum composed of ______ cells that _____ have nuclei and organelles and is well defined in ___ skin.

A

flattened
do not
thick

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12
Q

Stratum corneum consists of many layers of _________ cells that are _____ and _____.

A

keratinized dead
flattened
non nucleated

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13
Q

Epidermis has ____ skin that has ___ layers of keratinocytes and _____ skin that has___ layers.

A

thin
4
thick
5

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14
Q

What is keratinization?

A

The formation of a layer of dead, protective cells filled with keratin

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15
Q

Keratinocytes _____ and _____ the skin

A

protects
waterproofs

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16
Q

Non keratinocytes consists of _____,_____ and _____.

A

melanocytes
merkel cells
langerhans cells

17
Q

melanocytes produces _____ and contributes to _____ and absorbs ______.

A

melanin
skin colour
UV light

18
Q

Langerhans cells participate in _____ responses.

A

immune

19
Q

Merkel cells act as a ______ for ______.

A

mechanoreceptor
touch sensation

20
Q

Dermis is composed of ______ CT.

A

dense

21
Q

Dermis has dermal ______ that supply nutrients to all skin cells.

A

blood vessels

22
Q

Epidermal ridges and dermal papillae in papillary layer of dermis provide _________surface area for the epidermis and dermis to connect.

A

increased

23
Q

Papillary layer is the _____ portion of the dermis and consists of ____ CT contaning elastic fibres.

A

superficial
areolar

24
Q

Reticular layer is the ____ portion of the dermis and consists of ________ CT containing collagen/elastic fibres.

A

deeper
dense irregular

25
Q

Reticular layer provides skin with _____ and _____and contains _____,______ and _____ glands.

A

strength
elasticity
hair follicles
nerves
sebaceous

26
Q

Hypodermis is masses of ____ CT and _____ tissues that bind the skin to the underlying organs.

A

loose
adipose

27
Q

Appendages of the skin are _____,_____,_____,_____ and ____.

A

nails
sweat glands
sebaceous glands
hair follicles
hair

28
Q

There are 2 types of sweat glands which are _____ and _____.

A

Eccrine and apocrine

29
Q

Sebaceous glands secrete and oily secretion called ______.

A

sebum

30
Q

Three pigments that contribute to skin colour are _____, _____ and _____.

A

melanin
carotene
hemoglobin

31
Q

Melanin is a polymer made up _____ amino acids and its colour is _____ or _____.

A

tyrosine
yellow-brown
black

32
Q

Melanin is produced by _________ and stored in _______ . They are transferred to _____.

A

melanocytes
transport vesicles
keratinocytes

33
Q

Carotene is a _______ pigments and is found in _____ vegetables. They accumulate in ____ cells and _____ tissues of the dermis. It can be converted to vitamin __.

A

orange-yellow
orange
epidermal
fatty
A

34
Q

Cyanosis happens when there is severe _____ of blood flow and skin appears ____.

A

reduction
bluish

Physiology (15 decks)

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