L1 Homeostasis

Question 1

What is homeostasis?

Answer 1

A condition of equilibrium in the body’s internal environment produced by the interplay of all of the body’s regulatory processes.

Question 2

What are the components of homeostatic system?

Answer 2

Stimulus, receptor, afferent pathway, control centre,efferent pathway,effector

Question 3

Receptor monitors the _______ and responds to changes called _________ by sending ______ to the __________.

Answer 3

environment
stimuli
input
control centre

Question 4

Input flows from the receptor to the control centre along the ___________.

Answer 4

afferent pathway

Question 5

The control centre ______ and ______information from the receptor.

Answer 5

receives, processes

Question 6

The effector provides _________ for the control centre’s ________to the stimulus

Answer 6

the means
output

Question 7

Information flows from the control centre to the effector along the ____________.

Answer 7

efferent pathway

Question 8

What is negative feedback?

Answer 8

When the output shuts off the original stimulus or reduces its intensity.
Causes the variable to change in a direction opposite to the initial change, returning it to its ‘ideal’ value.

Question 9

Examples of negative feedback?

Answer 9

Thermoregulation and glucose regulation

Question 10

In thermoregulation, when the body temp rises the blood vessels ____ resulting in ____ to the surrounding. This will lead the body temp to return to normal.

Answer 10

dilate
heat loss

Question 11

In glucose regulation, when the blood sugar increases, the pancreas will promote _______ which will stimulate glucose uptake from the blood and stimulate ______ formation. This will lead to lowering of blood sugar.

Answer 11

insulin
glycogen

Question 12

What is positive feedback?

Answer 12

When the response enhances the original stimulus to that the output is accelerated. The change proceeds in the same direction as initial change, causing variable to deviate further from its original value.

Question 13

Examples of positive feedback

Answer 13

Blood clotting and childbirth

Question 14

In child birth, ________ from cervix transmits to brain and stimulates _______ to secrete _______ which will stimulate _________ and pushes baby towards cervix.

Answer 14

nerve impulses
pituitary gland
oxytocin
uterine contraction

Question 15

Exchange of water and dissolved constituents take place between _____ and the ________ bathing the cells.

Answer 15

plasma, intercellular fluid

Question 16

The pH of extracellular fluid ( ECF ) has to be maintained at the critical value of _____.

Answer 16

7.4

Question 17

The decrease in pH is called ______ and increase in pH is called ______.

Answer 17

acidosis
alkalosis

Question 18

The body temperature must be maintained at _______ celcius.

Answer 18

37.5

Question 19

What are the factors homeostatically regulated?

Answer 19

pH
Body temp
Oxygen
Essential hormones
Water and Electrolytes
Blood Composition

Question 20

In osmoregulation, when water content decrease, stimulation of _______ happens in hypothalamus. Increased ______ secretion from posterior pituitary and ______ water retention by kidneys.

Answer 20

osmoreceptors
ADH
increased