L21 Arterial Blood Pressure

Question 1

Blood pressure is the _____ of circulating ___ against the walls of _____. It is due to work done by the _____ by pumping blood through the ______ system.

Answer 1

pressure
blood
blood vessels
heart
circulatory

Question 2

The main factors determining arterial BP is ?

Answer 2

1. Cardiac output
2. Total peripheral resistance - the resistance to blood flow in the arteries
3. Blood volume - the total amount of blood in the body

Question 3

Mean arterial pressure ( MAP ) is the ______ pressure in the ____ throughout the cardiac cycle.

Answer 3

average
aorta

Question 4

Systolic pressure is the ____ arterial BP attained during _________.

Answer 4

peak
ventricular contraction

Question 5

Diastolic pressure is the _____ arterial BP occurring during the _____ between heart beats.

Answer 5

minimum
ventricular relaxation

Question 6

Arterial BP is written as a ratio of _____ over ____ pressure.

Answer 6

systolic
diastolic

Question 7

Pulse pressure is the _______ between systolic and diastolic pressure.

Answer 7

difference

Question 8

Formula of arterial pressure is?

Answer 8

Cardiac output x total peripheral resistance

Question 9

Arterial pressure can be increased by?

Answer 9

• Constricting almost all arterioles
  -Constricting large vessels
  -directly increasing cardiac output

Question 10

2 ways of neural regulatory mechanism are ?

Answer 10

1. Autonomic regulation
2. Medullary regulation

Question 11

Sympathetic nerve fibers innervate ____ vessels EXCEPT _______ and________ and some ______.

Answer 11

all
capillaries
precapillary sphincters
metarterioles

Question 12

Medullary regulation is based on 2 different centers located in the medulla which are?

Answer 12

1. Vasomotor centre
2. Cardiac vagal centre

Question 13

Short term regulation of BP are regulated by?

Answer 13

1. Baroreceptors
   2.Carotid and Aortic Baroreceptors

Question 14

Baroreceptors are _____ receptors located in the _____ and _____ arteries. They sense changes in the _____ and send signals to the _____. The brain then adjusts the ____ and ____ to restore blood pressure to normal.

Answer 14

sensory
aorta
carotid
blood pressure
brain
CO
TPR

Question 15

When arterial bp rises, baroreceptors are _____ and send _______ impulses to the nucleus of ______ through ______ and _____ nerves.

The nucleus of ______ acts on both ____ area and ____ area of _____ center. It inhibits the ______ area and excites the _____ area. Inhibition of _____ area reduces ______.

Answer 15

activated
stimulatory
tractus solitarius
glossopharyngeal
vagus

tractus solitarius
vasoconstrictor
vasodilation
vasomotor
vasoconstrictor
vasodilation
vasoconstriction
vasomotor tone