L19 Cardiac Output

Question 1

What is cardiac output?

Answer 1

The volume of blood pumped by the heart per unit time.

CO= SV x HR

Question 2

What is the highest distribution location of cardiac output at rest?

Answer 2

Liver = 1400 ml/min

Question 3

Cardiac reserve is the _____ between ____ and _____ cardiac output.

Answer 3

difference
resting
maximal

Question 4

Cardiac index is the amount of _____ pumped by ____ per minute per _______ of the body (BSA )

Formula is ________.

Answer 4

blood
ventricles
square meter surface area

CI= CO/BSA

Question 5

The changes in cardiac function associated with heart failure result in a _______ in ______. This results from a decline in _____ that is due to ______ dysfunction, _____ dysfunction or a combination of the two.

Answer 5

decrease
cardiac output
stroke volume
systolic
diastolic

Question 6

Stroke volume is determined by three factors which are?

Answer 6

Preload : stretch of myocardium before it contracts. It gives the volume of blood that the ventricles has available to pump.

Contractility: Force of myocardial contraction

Afterload: Pressure that the heart must exert to eject blood during systole

Question 6

Formula of stroke volume is ?

Answer 6

SV= EDV - ESV

EDV = volume of blood collected in ventricle during diastole

ESV = volume of blood remaining in ventricle after contraction

Question 7

What is the average stroke volume of a healthy adult?

Answer 7

70 milliliters of blood per beat.

Question 8

Formula of ejection fraction is ?

Answer 8

Ejection Fraction = SV/EDV

Question 9

Myocardial contractility is the myocardium intrinsic _____ to efficiently _____. Increased contractility leads to ____ contraction of the heart, thus _____ stroke volume. This will then ______ cardiac output.

Answer 9

ability
contract
stronger
increases
increase