L3: Cells in their environment Flashcards
Learning Objectives: • Speculate on the origins of cellular life forms on earth • Explain the concept of cellular specialisation in the context of multicellularity Provide an overview of cellular and subcellular pathogens
Features of RNA
- Can store genetic informtion
- Self replicating
- Mutates at a higher rate
What is a phylogenic tree?
Shows how organisms are related to each other
LUCA stands for…
Last universal common ancestor of cells
What does bacteria & archaea have in common?
- Single celled
- No membrane bound organelles
- Specialisations
What does it mean that archaea are extremophiles?
They can adapt to extreme environments
What is a symbiotic relationship?
2 different organisms benefit from living in close physical association
What are protozoans?
Single-celled eukaryotes
What is the theory called that relates to the origin of mitochondria & chloroplasts?
Endosymbiotic theory
What are photosystems?
Protein complexes
What does ‘Ex ovo omnia’ mean?
Everything from the egg
Define parthenogenesis
Females can produce embryo without fertilising egg with sperm (asexual reproduction)
Define embryogenesis
Transition from zygote to embryo
2 cell types?
- Somatic cells
- Germ cells
Define pathogens
Disease causing microorganisms or infectious agents
Define cellular pathogens
Microorganisms that are composed of cells
