L22: Damage And Repair In The Injured Cns Flashcards
What are the ways in injuring CNS
- Brain damage
- spinal cord injury
- stroke
- Brain cancer
Can the PNS be regenerated
Yes by Seddons classification if possible
How is the CNC mode of repair different to PNS
- huge inflammatory responce by astrocytes to fix the blood brain barrier
- molecules inhibit axon regeneration (CSPGs)
- oligodenrocytes and Medellin debris are cleared away
What does the action of astroycytes in the CNS mean
There is little growth of neurones and function is lost
Does the CNC have a natural capacity for regeneration
Yes but it’s inhibitory environment prevents it from regenerating
What are the various theraoies devised to help CNS injuries
- trophic support
- usage inhibitory molecules to inhibit inhibitory molecules that prevent regeneration
- endogenous stem cells
- cell therapy
What is trophic support
Schwann cells from the PNS and other growth factors are added to site of damage to help CNS axon regenerate
Examples of inhibitory molecules that inhibit molecules preventing regeneration
Nogo blocker
Chondroitinase (digest CSPGs)
Rho inhibitors
What are endogenous stem cells and how are they used in regeneration of the SNS
- Endogenous stem cells are bodies of stem cells
- regulate neurogenic
Where does endogenous stem cells migrate from
SVZ and SGZ
What is cell therapy
Replace dead cells with stem cells to create a favourable environment and prevent cell loss and allow myelination
What is the topographical organisation of the CNS
- cranial nerves- C1 to C8
- thoracic nerves - T1 to T12
- lumbar nerves - L1-L5
- Sacral nerves- S1 to S5
- coccygeal nerve- C0
What are the function affected with the cervical nerves
All the nerves of thoracic, lumbar and sacral nerves are affect as you get loss of movement below the level of injured segment
Loss of function of thoracic nerves
Chest muscle Abdominal muscles Leg muscles Bowel Bladder
Loss of function of lumbar nerves
Leg muscles
Bowel
Bladder
