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Nas > L15: Autonomic Nervous System Function > Flashcards

L15: Autonomic Nervous System Function Flashcards

1
Q

Where are sensory receptors of the autonomic NS found

A

On the viscera

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2
Q

What are the effectors of the autonomic system

A

Smooth muscle
Secretory glands
Cardiac muscle

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3
Q

What are the effector of the somatic NS

A

Skeletal muscle

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4
Q

What are the 3 categories of the autonomic Nervous system

A

Sympathetic
Parasympathetic
Enteric

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5
Q

What is the main role of the sympathetic NS

A

Flight or fight response

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6
Q

What is the main role of the parasympathetic NS

A

Rest and digest

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7
Q

How does the sympathetic and parasympathetic work together

A

Dual innervation

Antagonist

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8
Q

What is the 2 neurone chain of the autonomic NS composed of

A

Pre-ganglionic neurone

Post-ganglionic neurone

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9
Q

Where does somatic motor neurone release its neurotranmitters

A

At the neuromuscular junction : point at which the motor neurone and skeletal muscle meet

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10
Q

Where does autonomic efferent neurone release neurotranmitters

A

At the end of the axon swellings for broadcasting

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11
Q

What is the main neurotranmitter of the somatic NS

A

Acetylcholine

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12
Q

What is the main neurotransmitter of the parasympathetic ns

A

Pre ganglion: acetycholine

Post ganglion: acetycholine

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13
Q

What is the neurotransmitter for the sympathetic NS

A

Pre ganglion: ach

Post ganglion: noradrenaline or adrenaline

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14
Q

What receptors does ach from the parasympathetic pre ganglion act on

A

Nicotinic receptor

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15
Q

What receptor does ach from the parasympathetic post ganglionic neurone act on

A

Muscarinic receptor

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16
Q

What receptor does ach from the sympathetic pre ganglionic neurone act on

A

Nicotinic receptor

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17
Q

What receptor does noradrenaline from the sympathetic post ganglion act on

A

Alpha adrenoceptors

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18
Q

What receptor does adrenaline from the sympathetic post ganglionic neurone act on

A

Beta adrenoceptors

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19
Q

What are sweat glands only innervated by

A

Sympathetic nervous system

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20
Q

If the sweat glands are innervated by the sympathetic ns are the neurotransmitters ach and then NA/A

A

No

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21
Q

What are the neurotransmitter release of the sweat glands

A

Ach for both pre and post ganglionic neurones

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22
Q

Why are sweat glands not classified as parasympathetic

A

Because the embryonic origin is from the sympathetic source

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23
Q

What type of a gland is the adrenal gland

A

Neuroendocrine gland

24
Q

What are the 2 main layers of the adrenal gland

A

Adrenal cortex

Adrenal medulla

25
Q

What does the adrenal medulla produce

A

Adrenaline and nor adrenaline

26
Q

What can the adrenal medulla be classed as then

A

Post ganglions

27
Q

Give 2 examples where the SNS/PNS have dual innervation but are antagonistic

A

Heart

GI tract

28
Q

What is the activity of the SNS and PNS at the heart

A

SNS: increase heart rate
PNS: decrease heart rate

29
Q

What is the activity of the SNS/PNS at the GI tract

A

SNS: decrease motility
PNS: increase motility

30
Q

If the SNS and PNS have dual innervation and are antagonist what determines the overall action of the effector

A

The balance of the the NS determines if SNS or PNS is in charge

31
Q

Give an example where the SNS/PNS have dual innervation and are antagonist but act on different muscles

A

Pupil

32
Q

Which muscle does the SNS act on in the pupil

A

Radial muscle

33
Q

What muscle does the pns act on in the pupil

A

Circular muscle

34
Q

Give an synonym to remember the muscle of the pupil

A

Respectful Soybeans Control Pills

35
Q

What does the innervation of the SNS to the pupil do

A

Dilate the pupil

36
Q

What does the innervation of the PNS to the pupil do

A

Constrict the pupil

37
Q

Give an example where there is dual innervation but doesn’t work antagonisticly

A

Exocrine glands e.g salivary glands

38
Q

Give an example where you only get single innervation

A

Most but not all Blood vessels

39
Q

What is most of the blood vessels innervation by

A

SNS

40
Q

What does increased activity of SNS in most of the blood vessels lead to

A

Vasoconstriction

41
Q

What does decreased activity of SNS in most blood vessels lead to

A

Vasodilation

42
Q

Which blood vessels in the body have dual innervation

A

Blood vessels in the head and neck

43
Q

What does SNS in the head and neck blood vessels cause

A

Vasoconstriction

44
Q

What does the PNS in the head and neck blood vessels cause

A

Vasodilation

45
Q

What gland does the head and neck blood vessel act on

A

Salivary gland

46
Q

What does the SNS lead to in the salivary gland

A

Thick and sticky saliva

47
Q

What does the PNS in the head and neck blood vessels lead to in the salivary gland

A

Large Volume and watery saliva

48
Q

Reminder: give an example where there is dual innervation but not is not antagonist

A

Salivary glands

49
Q

How does the SNS and PNS work in male sex organs

A

Pns=Point

SNS=shoot

50
Q

Can the somatic and autonomic system work together

A

Yes

51
Q

Give 2 examples where the somatic and autonomic ns work together

A

1) focusing the eye on a near object

2) respond to cold

52
Q

How is the somatic ns involved in focusing the eye on a far object

A

Eye movements

53
Q

How is the autonomic ns involved in focusing the eye on far objects

A

Pupil adjustment

54
Q

How is the somatic ns involved in responding to cold

A

Shivering i/e moving skeletal muscle

55
Q

How is the autonomic ns involved in responding to the cold

A

Vasoconstriction in the skin

Nas (23 decks)

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