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OBGYN microbiology > L21- BW (viral skin) > Flashcards

L21- BW (viral skin) Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what is zostavax

A

shingles vaccine that is live attenuated, higher potency than Varivax

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2
Q

what are the prerequisites for shingles

A

a prior case of chickenpox or vaccination against chickenpox

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3
Q

VZV vaccines protect against

A

chickenpox, NOT shingles

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4
Q

why is it recommended to get 2 doses of Vavirax

A

breakthrough cases (mild chickenpox after exposure) is well documented

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5
Q

names of the VZV vaccines and what type

A

Vavirax and MMRV, live attenuated

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6
Q

where does VZV live in latency

A

in neural tissues until a shingles recrudescence of prior VZV chickenpox

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7
Q

slapped cheek with circumoral sparing manifestation

A

parovirus B19 aka fifth disease aka erythema infectiosum

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8
Q

VZV prodrome

A

fever, malaise, HA, myalgia, anorexia (only in older kids and adults)

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9
Q

what does zoster refer to

A

a belt or stripe

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10
Q

Measles presentation has 3 Cs

A

Coryza, Cough, Conjunctivitis

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11
Q

what time of year does parovirus B19 occur

A

in epidemics in late winter and spring

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12
Q

what is the rule of thumb for HSV latency

A

the probability of recrudescence is greater in individuals with larger and more extensive initial outbreaks

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13
Q

shingles vaccines

A

zostavax and shingrix

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14
Q

how do adult pts with parovirus B19 present

A

arthritis or arthralgias without preceding or concurrent sxs

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15
Q

what is shingrix

A

shingles vaccine that is a nonviable adjuvanted virus subunit preparation, superior protection

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16
Q

who is zostavax for

A

NOT people without a hx of prior chickenpox infection (such as vaccinated)

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17
Q

MMR is not appropriate for what population and why

A

preggos, those who plan to become pregnant w/in 3 months of vacc, and immunosuppressed- because its live attenuated

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18
Q

painful lesions with a unilateral dermatomal distribution (sharp limits) that do not cross the center line

A

shingles

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19
Q

how can you prophylactically prevent measles in unvaccinated or immunocompromised pts and for how long after exposure

A

immune globulin (BayGram) up to 6 days after exposure

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20
Q

what populations experience the prodrome with VZV

A

older children and adults, younger children don’t have it

21
Q

3 Cs

A

Measles

22
Q

what two unique HSV properties influence disease

A

(1) capacity to invade and replicate in CNS, and (2) ability to establish latent disease

23
Q

what fraction of HSV sheddings are asymptomatic

A

2/3

24
Q

recrudescence

A

quasi stable state of latency that is subject to reactivation (seen in HSV and VZV)

25
Q

how many doses of shingrix

A

2

26
Q

who is shingrix for

A

good for people who have been previously vaccinated with zostavax

27
Q

where does HSV live during latency

A

it is retrograde transported through sensory neurons and ultimately infects the dorsal root ganglia

28
Q

HSV phases

A

(1) primary (maybe asymptomatic) infection that resolves (2) quasi stable state of latency subject to reactivation (recrudescence)

29
Q

what is critical to the outcome of critical rubella syndrome

A

the timing of infection- early in pregnancy is worst

30
Q

PRURITIC lesions with neuralgia, fever, malaise, HA

A

VZV

31
Q

when was measles declared eradicated in the US

A

2000

32
Q

what skin virus is very prevalent and totally unrecognized without cx

A

HHV- 6 (humans herpes virus-6)

33
Q

VZV causes

A

BOTH chickenpox and shingles

34
Q

MMR has how many doses

A

2 plus a BOOSTER third dose

35
Q

HSV treatments are ___ but ____

A

highly effective but not curative

36
Q

what can be used for high risk persons exposed to VZV

A

VariZIG human immunoglobulin

37
Q

VZV is a potential ___

A

TERATOGEN when infections occur in utero

38
Q

when does most HSV transmission occur

A

during asymptomatic shedding (which is frequent) or from persons who never knew they were infected

39
Q

how much reduction of measles in the US due to vaccine

A

99%

40
Q

principle problem linked to rubella

A

congenital rubella syndrome

41
Q

what tx is NOT recommended with VZV and why

A

ASA- risk of Reyes syndrome

42
Q

HSV is spread by

A

direct contact with vesicular fluid, saliva, and secretions, asymptomatic shedding

43
Q

when was the largest US measles outbreaks since it was declared eradicated

A

2014-2015

44
Q

measles is controlled by vaccination in the West but

A

still present in the remainder of the world

45
Q

what lead to the principal problem linked to rubella

A

children escaping infection (congenital rubella syndrome is principal problem)

46
Q

Kopliks spots

A

Measles- large spots on buccal mucosa

47
Q

congenital rubella syndrome

A

when infection occurs in women during the first trimester of pregnancy, leading to a SUBSTANTIAL RISK TO FETUS

48
Q

how long is HSV latency

A

lifelong

OBGYN microbiology (13 decks)

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