L16: Visual Impairment

Question 1

What is visual impairment

Answer 1

Being unable to see or unable to see clearly

Question 2

What is visual acuity

Answer 2

The ability to see in detail

Question 3

How do we test the function of both eyes

Answer 3

By a Shellen test

Question 4

At what distance is letters held at

Answer 4

6 metres

Question 5

What happens to the 6 meters if a person cannot see

Answer 5

Gets smaller

Question 6

How do we test for vision if the person cannot see at 1 metre

Answer 6

1) show a number of fingers
2) if they cannot see fingers we do a hand movement
3) if they cannot see hand movement we look for perception of light
4) no perception of light

Question 7

What does registration of vision impairment depend on

Answer 7

How far you can see

Field of vision

Question 8

What are the 2 categories of vision impairment

Answer 8

Severely sight impair (bling)
Slight impaired (partially sighted)

Question 9

Which eye is the category based on

Answer 9

The better seeing eye

Question 10

How many groups of severe sight impairment is there

Answer 10

3

Question 11

What are the criteria’s of being group 1 for severely sight impaired

Answer 11

Visual acuity worse than 3 metres 60 Snellen

Question 12

What are the criteria’s for being in group 2 severely sight impaired

Answer 12

People who are 3 metres 60 snellen or better
But
Worse than 6/60 and have contraction of visual field

Question 13

What are the criteria’s for being in group 3 severely sight impaired

Answer 13

People who are 6/60 snellen or better
But
Clinically contracted field of vision e.g retinitis pigmentosa

Question 14

How many groups of sight impaired are there

Answer 14

3

Question 15

What are the criteria’s of group 1 sight impaired

Answer 15

People who are 3/60-6/60 snellen with full visual field

Question 16

What are the criteria’s for being in group 2 sight impaired

Answer 16

Between 6/60-6/24 snellen with moderate contraction of filed

Question 17

What are the criteria’s for being in group 3 sight impaired

Answer 17

6/18 snellen or better and if they have a marked field defect

Question 18

What are the main causes of eye sight loss

Answer 18

In corrected retracted error e.g glasses not corrected
Age related macular degeneration 
Cataract
Glaucoma
Diabetic eye disease

Question 19

Which age group has a higher occurrence of sight loss

Answer 19

Older groups

Question 20

What are the main causes of registerable sight loss

Answer 20

Age related macular degeneration 
Glaucoma 
Cataract 
Retinitis pigmentosa 
Diabetic eye disease

Question 21

What is glaucoma

Answer 21

High pressure in the eye that damages the optic nerve

Question 22

What is the normal corrected visual aucity for someone who is not blind or has an impairment

Answer 22

6/6-6/18

Question 23

What type of children are at risk of being blind

Answer 23

Children who have refractive errors

Question 24

Before what age do you need to correct the refractive error to prevent a child from being permanently bind

Answer 24

Before the age of 8

Question 25

Which ethnic groups are at high risk of visual impairment /blindness

Answer 25

Black African and Caribbean | South Asian

Question 26

Why is the black African ethnic group at high risk

Answer 26

They are at high risk of glacouma and diabetic eye diseases

Question 27

Why is the south Asian at risk of visual impairment/ brindles

Answer 27

They are at risk of diabetic neuropathy

Question 28

What is the impact of visual impairment on someone’s life

Answer 28

``` Lower well-being Lack of emotional support Essential practical support is missing Feeling isolated Rely on support Financial struggles Travel and transport Poor access to key information ```

Question 29

What support is available for people with a visual impairment

Answer 29

``` Government benefits Eye clinic liaison officer Social worker immobility officer Voluntary organisations Lowe vision aids ```

Question 30

What are the types of benefit a registered patient can get in terms of visual impairment

Answer 30

``` Disability living allowance Personal independence payment Reduction to tv Tax allowance Parking badge ```