L03: Primary Prevention Flashcards
What are the 3 levels of prevention
Primary
Secondary
Tertiary
What is the primary prevention
Preventing the disease before it occurs
Give an example of primary prevention
Immunisation
What is secondary prevention
Reducing the impact of a disease
What is tertiary prevention
Softening the impact of long term health effects
Give an example of a secondary prevention
Screening
Exercise or diet
Give an example of an tertiary prevention
Support groups
Which prevention is health promotion mostly about
Primary prevention
What are the 3 approaches to health promotion
Medical
Behavioural
Socio-environmental
What is a high risk approach
The health promotion only benefits those at high risk
What is a population approach in health promotion
All population is benefited by the health promotion
List the health promotions
Health communication Health education Self help Organisational change Community development Policy Political action
What is a health communication
A communication technique that influences health of the public
Give an example of health communication
Tv advertisement
Leaflets
Food labelling
What is health education
Education individuals or groups on health
Examples of health education
1 to 1 groups session
What is self help
Opportunities where people can share experiences
Give an example of self help
Alcoholics anonymous
What is an organisational change
Changing the environment for health choices
Give an example of an organisation change
Putting healthy food at the check out till for display
What is a community development
A project that reduces unhealthy behaviour
What is a policy
Plan of action to guide sticking to legislation
What is a legislation
Enforced by low
Give examples of policy/legislation
Restricted pub opening times
Smoking ban
Seat belt mandatory
What are the 2 target audience in primary prevention
High risk : those at a high risk
Whole population approach: everyone
What are the 3 levels of behaviour change theory
Individual
Interpersonal
Community
What are the behaviour theory’s at an individual level
Health belief model
Stages of change model
Theory of planned behaviour
Precaution adaption process model
What is the theory at a interpersonal level
Social cognitive theory
What is the social cognitive theory
People watch others see what happens and then use that to guide their behaviour
What are the behaviour theories at a community level
Community organisation
Diffusion of innovations
Communication theory
What is the intervention ladder
A step by step procedure to promote health
What is in the intervention ladder from the least strict to severe intervention
1) do nothing and monitor the situation
2) provide information by education
3) enable choice
4) guide choice by disincentives (i.e so people don’t do it e.g tax on cigarettes)
5) guide choice by incentives (i.e so people do it e.g remove tax on bikes)
6) guide choice by changing policy
7) restrict choice i.e minimise the choice available
8) eliminate the choice that we do not want e.g illegal so smoke inside
