Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physiology II > L12 (Thyroid Hormones) > Flashcards

L12 (Thyroid Hormones) Flashcards

1
Q

Thyroid gland is composed of follicles. Follicles are comprised of ___ and ___ cells.

A

Colloid and follicular cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

True or False: Thyroid hormone synthesis requires adequate iodine intake

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Where does iodide trapping occur (via: NIS)?

A

Follicular cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Where is thyroglobulin synthesized?

A

Follicular cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Once made, where is TG sent to?

A

Colloid cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

True or False: Thyroglobulin contains a large number of amino acid serines

A

False - Thyroglobulin contains a large number of amino acid tyrosines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

___ is the backbone for thyroid hormone synthesis

A

Thyroglobulin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

True or False: Thyroid hormones are made while tyrosine is not a part of the TG

A

False - Thyroid hormones are made while tyrosine IS part of the TG!!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What protein/transporter allows iodide to leave the follicular cell and enter into the colloid?

A

Pendrin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Where it T3/T4 stored?

A

Colloid cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Three roles of Thyroperoxidase (TP)?

A

1) Oxidation of Iodide
2) Iodination of Tyrosine
3) Coupling of Iodotyrosines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

True or False: Storing large amount of thyroid hormones in the colloid enhances the ability of one to survive acute I- deficiency

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which trophic hormone stimulates synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormone?

A

TSH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

True or False: Once thyroid hormone is secreted, iodide from any MIT/DIT is recycled and T3 and T4 enter the circulation

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

True or False: Stress inhibits TRH-TSH-Thyroid Gland-T3/T4 pathway

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What activates the TRH-TSH-Thyroid Gland-T3/T4 pathway?

A

Temperature and diurnal rhythm

17
Q

True or False: Thyroid hormone is an amino-acid derivative hormone with steroid-like characteristics

A

True

18
Q

Which has a longer 1/2 life: T3 or T4?

A

T4

19
Q

Where are Type 1 and 2 Deiodinase enzymes found?

A

Type 1: Liver and kidney
Type 2: Brain and muscle

20
Q

Function of Type I and II Deiodinase enzymes?

A

Converts T4 to T3

21
Q

Role of Type III Deiodinase?

A

Converts T4 to rT3 (inactive)

22
Q

Most T3 is produced at the tissue level by ___ of T4 by Type _ and _ Deiodinase

A

de-iodination; Type I and II

23
Q

Which deiodinases work by removing the outer iodide?

Which deiodinase works by removing the inner iodide?

A

Type I and II

Type III

24
Q

If T4 is deiodinated by Type III Deiodinase, what is produced?

A

rT3 (inactive)

25
Q

Equal amounts of __ and ___ are made in peripheral tissues

How could this be advantageous?

A

T3/rT3

  • Allows for max increase and decrease in T3/rT3
26
Q

The activity of which deiodinase can be altered at the tissue level?

A

Type I

27
Q

What inhibits Type I deiodinase?

A

Burns, High GC, starvation, DM

28
Q

Which is more potent: T3 or T4?

A

T3

29
Q

True or False: prolonged stressors can increase secretion of epinephrine, which increases adipose tissue lipolysis

A

True

30
Q

Which hormone is required for proper brain development?

A

Thyroid

31
Q

Thyroid hormone is permissive for what three molecules:

A

1) Epi
2) Insulin
3) GH

32
Q

Weight loss, constipation, and cold intolerance are features of:

A

Hypothyroidism

33
Q

Weight gain, tachy, and sweating are features of:

A

Hyperthyroidism

34
Q

Causes of hyperthyroidism?

A

1) Graves Disease - TSH receptor antibodies activate TSH receptor
2) Tumor of follicular cells
3) Abnormal TRH/TSH secretion

35
Q

True or False: NIS inhibitor or TP inhibitor can treat hypothyroidism

A

False - NIS inhibitor or TP inhibitor can treat hyperthyroidism

36
Q

Auto-immune destruction of thyroid gland is present in what condition?

A

Hashimoto’s

37
Q

How is hypothyroidism treated?

A

Synthetic T4

Physiology II (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions