L12- Mucosa 2 Flashcards
Which cells are ysed by nalt and the only one nalt uses for sg sampling
M cells
What are scfa a product of
Anaerobic digestion
Which srticle doscusess microbiota metabolites and host immunity
Blacher et al 2017
Which citamin by microbiota is involved in coagulation cascadr (blacher et al 2017)
K
Whoch modified bile acids do microbiota producr
Deoxycholic and lithocholic scid
Whoch anti inflam teceptor do deoxycjokic and lithocholic acid sctivate
Farnesoid x
How is farnesoid x anyi inflam
Increases epithelial integrity, also downregulstes nfkb pro inflam cytokines like tnfa, cox 1 and 2
How does butyrate provide energy for colonocytes
Atp generation and b oxidation (blacher 2017)
Whoch genes does butyrate regulate which allows mucin tpdouctikn
Genes for globlet differentiation and muc2
How do they allow tolerande to commensals
Induction of t regs, anti inflam eg the farnesoud x , muc production= lack of epithelial touching
What does b frsgillis cause epi crlls to secrete which forms more t regs
Tgf B
Which things which commensals release block dc maturation and therefore weak co stimulators = t reg induction
Tslp, tgf b
And il10 if they induce dc to release it
How can pathogens penetrating cell cause more t cell diff
Acticate dc better so stront co stimulatory wffect on t cells = activation
Tlr5 binding eg by dlagellin would usually cause nfkb cytokine release eg il6 and il23. What blocks nfkb translocation to nucleus
Some commensal microbes = anti inflam
How can mscrophages efficiently kill microbiota without mormal inflammation
They engulf and dont release cytokines and chemokines whicu cause inflammation = inhib macrophages
Why
Because of other inhibitory presence eg tgf b and il10 which causes weak co stimulatory effects
When would parentrail vaccines not be useful
If the infection is wtihin the gut as it is not petmrable yo systemic igg
How does siga have a role in endosome whcih is antiviral
Some viruses can teproduce in the endosome, iga will neutralise them
