L11- Mucosa 1 Flashcards
Bame some glands wbich are mucosal surfsces and effector sites
Lacrimal, salivary and mammary glands
What are the rxamples of hoe mucosa fscilitate exchange
Food processing, gas exchnage, teporhdction and metabolic waste
Which mucosa is the largest
Resp tract (75m2)
Why are ststemic vaccines used also for mucosal issues
When pathogens cross barriers cause for systemic immunity
Name some mucosal infrctions related to hugh morbidity and mortality
Copd, hiv, lower resp trsct infdctions eg infleunza, pneumonia
What mechanical mucosal defences are there
Tight junctions, mucus
Which ros can microbiota release and why is this anti microbial?
H202, it means they xan be detected by prr inducing , and also oxidative dna damage
Which secretion eg by lactobacillus is antiviral
Lactic acid
Other than defensins. What protects the gut
Low ph wnd enzymes like pepsin
Where are b defensins most seen
Eye, nose and oral cavity
How does sneezing and cooghing eiminate pathogens
Muscle contraction increases mucosal movemnet cross cillia
Which mudcle contraction allows mucosal movement in gut
Peristalsis
Where are stratified epithelium found
Vaginal and oral cavity
What allows polarisation for solutr, ion and gas transport in simple columnar cells
Tight junctions
Whcih prr are on epi cells and what haplens
Nod and tlr (crll surfscr) so they modulate release of more mucins, amps etc
What do tlr and nod activate for cytokine rleease
Nfkb
What can trigger inflammasome
Intraceullar infections
What does inflammasome do
Caspases1 allow secretion of cytokines and also activstion of dc and macrophages
What is xenophagy
When bacteria/fungi/ ciruses in cytoplasm are taken up into autophagosome and killed by lysosome fusion eg in macrophages
How can nlrp3 recognise virus infected cells
Relesde of damps
Whatbis diff about effector cells like t cells/ macrophages in mucosa
Always active
Which 2 ways are mucosa immunotegulatory
Down reg responses to eg food. Eg by reducing ige
Always have tolerance ineucing dc and inhibitory macrophages
What is the ting called around aireays and gut in nalt
Waldeyers ring (adenoids and tonsils)
What makes ip galt
Pp and lymph nodules
How do t cells from primary lymphids get to pp
Ccr7 and L selectin receptors
Where do they drain after ag sampling
Mesentric lymph nodes
What allows homing to SI
Ccr9 and teck/ccl25.
Bind a4:b7 with madcam1 on endothelium
What does ccl28/ mec allow homing yo via ccr10
LI, bronchi, mammary glands
Which b frlls mostly repopulate mucosa
Iga releasing
How is breastfeeding example of homing
Ag from gi trsct produces b cells which home to the mammary gland via mec etc and then allows ab transfer in breastmilk
What % of iec are cd8 for ic pathogens and viruses
80
Which disease has infreased iec
Celiac
What % of b cells are mucosal
70, only 30 are systemic
How much dimeric iga is produced
80% of mucosa b cells. Other sre polymetic igm, some igg
Which ig is from systemic mostly and then the second modt
Igg then monomeric iga (non secretory)
Which ig is transfered cia placenta fcrn
Igg
What gets transferred in breast milk for antifungal impsct
S iga
Where does 50% of igg in resp akd urogenital come from
Systemic (importance of both mucosal and systemic/iv vaccines)
