Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Clinical Immunology And Virology > A3: Immunodeficiencies > Flashcards

A3: Immunodeficiencies Flashcards

1
Q

What is the difference between primary immuno and secondary immuno

A

Primary are genetic defects in immune system

Secondary was injtially intact but other environmental or infective factors compromised

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Are pid germline or somatic

A

Both but most lilely hereditary so germline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Give some causes of SID

A 
Meds wg chemo
Infections like hiv
Barrier defects 
Malnutrition 
Splenectomy (removal)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How would splenectomy cause sid

A

Because it is a secokdary lymph tissue where adaptive response occurs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How can premature births cause sid

A

Botn before the igg maternal transfer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Give an example of breaxh of barriers

A

Eczema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Are immune deficinecies always loss of the immjne response

A

No can become hupersctive eg autoimmune responses, hyper allergenic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Give some consequences of immunodeficiencies

A 
Recurrent infection
Hypoallergenic (no immune tolerance)
Auto inflammation 
Autoimmunity eg type 1
Cancer
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How can metastasis occur through immunodeficiency

A

Because lack or tumour surveillance if lacking immune system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the signs of immunodeficiencies in patiwnts

A

Recurring infection, persistent after treatment, serious eg meningitis, unusual infection, fwmily history, incestual marriage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is an example of an unusual pathogen

A

Pneumocystis jurovecii

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What type of immune factors are affected in immunodeficiency

A

Phagocutes,complement, t cell, b frll, antibodies, combined B and T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What PID which affects neutrophils is there

A

Chronic granulomatous disease eg x linked

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How does cgd affect neutropjils via genetic defect

A

Inability to produce ROS to enduce phsgocytic killing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What effects does cgd have

A

Infection susceptibilitybeg pneumonia

Also inflammation eg in lung, colitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What SID fsctors affect neutrophils

A

Neutropenia from large infection
Meds
Malnutrition eg b12, folate
Hypersplenism

17
Q

How does hypersplenism affect neutrophils

A

Drains blood too fast and large amlunts wnter spleen causinf neutropenia

18
Q

Why is humonal immunitt defects bad in mucosa

A

Because larhe amounts of eg iga loss so mucosal infections like pneumonia occur

19
Q

Which immunodeficiency can cause sepsis, meningitis by increased entry of pathogens

A

Humoral

20
Q

What is the larhest PID affecting humoral immunity and what is it

A

X linked a gammaglobulinaemia

Low/absent ig and b cells but notmal t cells

21
Q

Why is x linked a gammaglobulinaemia developed after 6 months of age

A

Because you get maternal transfer from mother igg

22
Q

What are the 3 main reasons for SID humoral defects / hypogammaglobulinaemia/low iga/low b

A

Meds

Loss of proteins eg nephrotic syndrome

Malnutrition

23
Q

What autoimmune disorders due to complement deficiency

A

SLE

24
Q

Which infections are due ti lack of C3

A

Pneumococcal and h infleunza

25
Q

What makes you susceptible to neisseria

A

C5,6,7,8,9 deficiency

26
Q

What is the major SID causing complement c5 deficinecy

A

Monoantibody treatments which block c5 but ised for treatment for disorders

27
Q

Which instant treatmnet can you het for immunodeficiencies

A

Antibiotic or antifungal prophylaxis

28
Q

What are the serious treatments

A

Ig replacement

HSC transpant

29
Q

Which immunodeficiency illness causes lack of t and b cells

A

Severe combined immunodeficiency SCID

30
Q

Why do b cells sometimes see notmal in scid

A

They sre but arent ever sctivayed if no t cells

31
Q

Which vaccine can scid not have

A

Live vaccines

32
Q

What effects does scie have

A

Recurrent infections eg candida
Peristajr viral infections: rsv, rota
Chronic diarrhoea
Death

33
Q

What do you rule out if someone has persistsnt lymphopenia

A

Scid

34
Q

Which infection/SID causes combined immunodeficiency

A

Hiv, it infects cd4 cells

35
Q

Other than infection, what causes combined immunodeficiency

A

Meds, immunotherapy, MA use

36
Q

Which therapies mimic immunodeficiency to treat other things like cancer and how

A

Usually moAbs use by blocking or destroying immune cells

37
Q

Why sre recombinant ab usually better (humanised mab inserted into vectors then eg into mouse)

A

Less immunogenic

Clinical Immunology And Virology (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions