L11 - Muscles

Question 0

What is tendonitis?

Answer 0

inflammation of tendon tissues

Question 1

What is myopathy?

Answer 1

muscular pain or dysfunction

not a diagnosis

Question 2

What are the 2 abundant proteins in muscular tissue?

Answer 2

actin

myosin

Question 3

What does the interaction of myosin and actin cause?

Answer 3

muscle contraction and hence the ability of a tissue to perform work

Question 4

What are the 3 subtypes of skeletal muscle tissue?

Answer 4

type I - slow contraction
type IIa - medium contraction
type IIb - fast contraction
different kinds of contraction and energy use

Question 5

Do skeletal muscles have all three types of muscle tissue subtypes in them?

Answer 5

Yes, in varying proportions
back muscles more type I
thigh muscles more types IIa and IIb

Question 6

Skeletal muscles use copious amounts of ATP to move actin and myosin proteins. What does this mean about the level of mitochondrion they will have?

Answer 6

they have an abundance of mitochondria in their cells

Question 7

What are the molecules for muscular force?

Answer 7

ATP/ADP
actin
myosin
troponin
tropomyosin
C++

Question 8

Are trigger points and motor points the same thing?

Answer 8

no. Motor point is the Muscle Spindle fiber. It is a control point for the muscle. Trigger point could be other places on the muscle.

Question 9

What is the sarcolemma?

Answer 9

membrane of fiber

Question 10

What sotres Ca++ for flooding the myofibrils - a trabecula of vessels?

Answer 10

sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 11

What is the name for a strand of sarcomere?

Answer 11

myofibril

Question 12

What is the cytoplasm of the giant fiver cells called?

Answer 12

sarcoplasm

Question 13

What is a sarcomere?

Answer 13

muscular contraction unit - primarily actin, myosin, tropomyosin, troponin

Question 14

What is the name for the stiff protein that organizes and links sarcomeres?

Answer 14

z line

Question 15

What are the major protein of sarcomere fiber bundles?

Answer 15

actin, myosin, tropomyosin

Question 16

What is the protein attached to actin which regulates Ca++?

Answer 16

Troponin

Question 17

What is the part of the myosin protein the movement work of the muscle tissue; uses ATP?

Answer 17

cross bridge and head

Question 18

Is the power stroke when the ATP splits?

Answer 18

no, the power stroke causes filaments to slide by cross bridge sharpening the angle. When the ATP bond breaks, it causes the cross bridge to reset to its original shallow angle.

Question 19

What are the 6 steps of simplified muscle contraction?

Answer 19

1. motor neuron sends a signal to the muscle fiber to contract.
2. calcium in the sarcoplasmic reticulum floods into the sarcoplasm.
3. Ca++ attaches to troponin allowing myosin to attach to actin, myosin breaks the ATP bond, fueling it’s movements.
4. myosin, in attaching to actin, bends at the cross bridge, shoving actin, and contracting the sarcomere unit.
5. Ca++ is withdrawn, ATP enters the myosin head active site causing myosin to release from actin.
6. release steps 3-4-5 until the sarcomere can’t contract further.

Question 20

What allows relaxation of the muscle by countermovement?

Answer 20

active transport of calcium out of the sarcoplasm

Question 21

The stagnation of flow in or out of the sarcoplasm, whether of Ca++ or nutrients can keep a muscle fiber contracted. Does this inability to release usually affect the entire muscle?

Answer 21

No, usually it does not affect an entire muscle, hence the formation of “knots” in the muscle.