L10 - Regulation 14 - SOx & PM Flashcards
How is sulphur oxide produced?
SOx is produced from oxidation of fuel sulphur.
S+O2 -> SO2
SO2 +1/2O2 -> SO3
Reduction of fuel sulphur will reduce SOx.
What are the key point of regulation 14
- Sets a global limit on the sulfur content of fuel oil used on board ships (0.50% m/m as of January 1, 2020).
- stricter sulfur limits apply in designated ECAs (0.10% m/m).
- Allows the use of equivalent methods, such as exhaust gas cleaning systems (scrubbers), to achieve the same reduction in SOx emissions.
What is the Carriage Ban?
The sulphur content of fuel oil used or
carried for use on board a ship shall not exceed 0.50% m/m
Where are the currently established IMO ECA-SOx?
- North American ECAs (SOx and NOx)
- North Sea and Baltic Sea ECAs (SOx and NOx)
- Med-ECA: Adopted at MEPC 79 (2022); comes into from 1 May 2025 (SOx).
- U.S. Caribbean ECA (SOx and NOx)
How to comply with the SOx regulations?
- Low sulphur fuel:
- Should have a Fuel Change Over plan for entering and leaving the ECAs.
- Should record details of ECA crossing in a record-book
- LNG as fuel or other alternative fuels:
Require own certification.
- SOX scrubber systems:
Require own certification using “2015
Guidelines for exhaust gas cleaning, resolution MEPC.259(68)
how is SOx compliance enforced?
- BDN (Bunker Delivery Note) should be on board for the past three years
- Fuel samples should be on board for the past one year
- Port State Control officers may take independent samples to ensure compliance.
- Total carriage ban of high sulphur fuel after March 2020.
What about compliance with ECAs?
- Should have a Fuel Change Over plan for entering and leaving the ECAs.
- Should record details of ECA crossing in a record-book
What happens if there is evidence of non compliance?
If there are evidence of non-compliance (i.e. use of fuel of higher sulphur), actions against ship could be detention, penalty, de-bunkering, etc. based on national laws.
