L1 - Principles in PT - Musculo Pathology Flashcards
individuals who have a pathology that a PT must treat
patient
take charge or control of, care for
management
individuals who engage PT services for consultation, prof advice, health/wellness
client
guidelines of rights and wrong in pt
principles
a musculoskeletal pathology does not mean it is the only blank involved
system
a good balance of these three domains to be successful in PT
cognitive, psychomotor, affective
history examination includes a blank
review of systems
physical examination includes a blank
systems review (tests/measures)
two elements of a pt examination
history exam, physical exam
systematic gathering of data
history
use data from history to form hypothesis of the blank
diagnosis
history is obtained during blank, but may be augmented by blank
interview, questionnaires
three data generated from history
demographics, social/family history, employment, living environment, current and past functional status, expectations, complaints, past medical interventions
patient therapist history interview…. three components
first impressions, listen, appropriate to age/gender/culture, may lead to diagnosis, open ended to closed ended
interview approach that guides discussion and patient expresses what they feel… builds rapport
open ended
patient history interview includes these five things
past medical history, past surgical history, medications, risk factors/co morbidities, patients opinion and thoughts
brief screening procedure that provides information about the bodily system involved in the patient’s current condition or health
systems review
a systems review helps identify possible health problems that require blank to other blank
referral, healthcare providers
five cases to use a scan or screen examination
no trauma history, suspected referred/radicular symptoms, doubting location of pathology, altered sensation, unusual pattern of symptoms
three things ROM examination should determine
quantity of arom/prom, quality, symptom provocation
three reasons for limited arom
active muscle dysfunction like plain weakness, passive motion restriction, joint instability
three reasons for limited prom
passive insufficiency like ligament, instrarticular obstruction like torn cartilage, muscle guarding like apprehension
three normal end feels
firm, soft, hard
4 abnormal end feels
soft, hard, firm, empty (cannot assess due to pain or very loose joint)
two reasons for pain provocation
compressive load, tensile load
if arom is full and pain free then prom blank be performed
may not have to
prom will not be painful if there is blank in the bicep but arom will be painful
tendonitis
three muscle performance factors
strength, power, endurance
three contraction types
eccentric, isometric, concentric
manual muscle testing tests blank
strength
isometric brake testing tests blank
nerve root
strong and painless isometric testing result
normal contractile unit
strong and painful isometric testing result
minor involvement of tendonitis or muscle
weak and painful isometric testing result
more severe muscle or tendon lesion
weak and painless isometric testing result
complete muscle or tendon rupture/neuro problem
the mmt scale says that a blank is about 50% strength
3
motion that occurs between the joint surfaces (arthrokinematics)
joint play
motion that accompany active motion, but not under voluntary control (ex: upward rotation of the scapula with clavicular rotaiton)
component motion
joints should not move more than blank
4 mm
hyporeflexia means there is a problem with a blank neuron
lower motor
hyperreflexia means there is a problem with blank neuron
upper motor
regional tests designed to confirm whether or not a specific condition is present and often there are many for each condition
special tests
