Intro to Goniometry/Manual Muscle Testing Flashcards
goniometry is greek for blank
angle measure
limited arom or prom may be because of
guarding, organic weakness, passive insufficiency (tight antagonist),
three tools for goniometry
goniometer, inclinometer/gravity goniometer, electrogoniometer
three parts of goniometer
body, stationary arm (proximal), moveable arm (distal)
two types of inclinometer
pendulum, bubble
amount of available motion at a giving joint starting at the anatomical neutral position
range of motion
example of writing goniometer measurement
L elbow AROM FLX 10 - 0 - 100 degrees painful (ERP or during motion)
if there is pain during motion then blank should be checked
ROMTPO
ROM changes with women blank changes
hormonal
soft tissue approximation end feed
soft
muscular, ligamentous end feel
firm
bone to bone end feel
hard
abnormal end feels are the same as normal end feels but occur blank or blank in rom or if the end feel is not its blank end feel
sooner, later, normal
abnormal end feel where no real end feel since end of ROM not reached due to pain or apprehension, no resistance except splint/spasm
empty
force/torque produced by a muscle during a maximum voluntary contraction (isometric, concentric, eccentric)
strength
the muscles that felt weak during break testing should be tested during blank
mmt
rating system for mmt
0 - none
1 - visual and palpatory without movement
2 - full ROM gravity eliminated
3 - Full ROM against gravity
4 - full ROM against mod resistance and pass break
5 - full ROM against max resistance and pass break
less than half range against moderate resistance
3+
more than half range gravity elminated
2 -
a plus in an mmt grade means blank
less than half range
a minus in mmt means
greater than half the range, but not full
plus minus system is most accurate with blank and below
3+
rating strength for a baby
f - funcitonal
wf - weak functional
nf- non functional
0 - no function
mmt must be reliable and blank
valid
two types of reliability
intertester, intratester
