L1 - Measurement Flashcards
What is Quantitative analysis?
Using Numbers, objectives and deductions to come up with a useful information.
What is Qualitative analysis?
Using words and approximations to analyze a topic.
what are discrete and continuous analysis
Discrete = Integer values
Continues = allows for precise measurements (Decimals)
What is measurement?
Rules for assigned numbers to objects to represent perceived quantities.
What are three elements of spatiotemporal data?
Location, Time, and an associated value.
what is a variable
any entity that can take a variety of different forms
what are 4 levels of measurement
Nominal, ordinal, Interval, and Ratio measurements
what is a nominal measurement?
expresses the relationship between variables. (equal or not equal)
- Numbers are used as labels for different categories
what are Ordinal Measurements?
Objects are placed in order from least to most WRT an attribute. No information is provided about the precise difference between the objects with respect to the attribute.
- I think of it as Relative measurements
what are Interval measurements?
objects are placed from least to most WRT an attribute and the difference between the values is known. But No information is available on the absolute magnitude of the attribute is given.
ex. Temperature in C°
what are Ratio measurements?
the relative size of a variable is known as-well as with respect to a fixed point
ex. Kelvin scale with absolute 0
what are the two types of errors in measurements?
Systematic error and Random error
what is a systematic error
measure values are consistently too high or too low
what is Random error
Chance variation, whereby some measure values are too high, and some are two low
- unpredictable variation
What is accuracy and precision and how do they differ?
Accuracy - the degree of correspondence between the value obtained and the true value of the variable
precision - hoe many values are associate with the measurement, like decimal places
What are three ways in which you can measure distance from UVIC to Cadboro bay and what are the respective units
- record the distance of a path or road in Km
- Record a straight line measurement in Km
- record the amount of time it takes to get to a place in Min
what type of measurement is altitude. Ex. the cruising altitude of a plane is 5000m
interval
what Type of measurement is a result of a collection of people with different hair colour.
Nominal
What type of measurement is used in people winning 1st, 2nd and 3rd in a marathon.
Ordinal
A student to multiple sample speeds from a stream to record stream velocity. When they got back to the Lab they realized that all of their data was significantly off of what the expected value was. What type of error was responsible for this mistake.
Systematic error
