L1

Question 1

thick filament of muscle

Answer 1

myosin

Question 2

thin filament of muscle

Answer 2

actin

Question 3

M band

Answer 3

thin middle band of myosin

Question 4

H zone

Answer 4

middle of myosin

Question 5

A band

Answer 5

myosin that overlaps actin

Question 6

I band

Answer 6

actin only

Question 7

characteristics of muscle

Answer 7

irritability - response to stim.
contractility - shorten
extensibility - lengthen
elasticity - return to original length

Question 8

physiological steps of muscle contraction in sliding filament theory

Answer 8

Action potential
Cross bridge formation
Power stroke
Recovery stroke

Question 9

types of muscle contraction

Answer 9

isometric
eccentric
concentric

Question 10

isometric contraction

Answer 10

when a muscle generates force and attempts to shorten, but does not overcome the external resistance
static , no external work but considerable force

Question 11

concentric contraction

Answer 11

when the muscle shortens and joint movement occurs as tension develops

Question 12

eccentric contraction

Answer 12

when the external resistance exceeds muscle force and the muscle lengthens while developing tension

Question 13

muscle types of gross muscle structure

Answer 13

Circular
convergent
parallel
Unipennate
Bipennate
multipennate

Question 14

roles of muscles

Answer 14

agonist
synergist
antagonist
fixator

Question 15

agonist

Answer 15

generates most of the force to make movement

Question 16

synergist

Answer 16

assists generating the force for the agonist

Question 17

antagonist

Answer 17

opposes movement of agonist

Question 18

fixator

Answer 18

stabilises the origin of the agonist muscle

Question 19

sliding filament theory

Answer 19

1. myosin contains ADP and P while actin contains tropomyosin and troponin
2. Ca2+ released from sarcoplasm reticulum bind to troponin
3. Causes tropomyosin molecules to move and reveal myosin attachment sites on actin
4. Phosphate from myosin is released
5. Head of myosin attaches to actin - cross bridge
6. ADP is used myosin pulls actin inwards = power stroke
7. ATP replaces ADP lost in myosin heads - triggers release of myosin heads from actin
8. ATP breaks down to ADP + P and returns original position = recovery stroke.